In November 1922 diggers working for Howard Carter in Egypt's Valley of the Kings uncovered a single step, the top of the staircase down to Tutankhamun's tomb, which debris had hidden from later robbers. It was a year of endings and beginnings. In October Mussolini took power in Rome without a fight, once the king had refused to let the army halt the Fascist march on the city. The Russian Civil War closed with the fall of Vladivostok, and on 30 December the Soviet Union was founded. Turkey's assembly abolished the Ottoman sultanate, and the last sultan sailed from Constantinople on a British warship. In the Irish Free State, men who had fought side by side against Britain went to war with each other over the treaty. In British India, a police-station fire at Chauri Chaura made Gandhi call off his nationwide movement. And James Joyce's Ulysses came out in Paris on his fortieth birthday, months before T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land appeared.
This page lists all 500 events in our records for 1922: 345 dated to the day, 121 from outside Europe and North America. The biggest come first, then every event month by month, grouped by region.
How sure we are: events with no label are high confidence. A grey label such as Exact day uncertain says why one detail is less certain; a yellow label such as Sources differ on the date marks a low-confidence event where the sources disagree or are thin. The notes say where. Dates are in the Gregorian calendar; where a country still used another calendar, the notes give the original. How events are checked
The biggest stories of 1922
Ranked by how widely known each event is today, one card per happening, at least a third from outside Europe and North America.
Politics & diplomacyWidely known
The March on Rome brings Mussolini to power
· Rome, Italy · Europe
Some details uncertain.
Fascist demonstrators and Blackshirt paramilitaries closed in on Rome on 28 October 1922. King Victor Emmanuel III overruled Prime Minister Facta's wish for a state of siege, and on 30 October he appointed Mussolini Prime Minister.
Why it is interesting. Mussolini took power without a battle after the king refused to let the army stop the march.
Notes and dating details
Infobox gives 28–31 October 1922. Wikidata gives the month only, with other dates of 27 October (start) and 30 October (end).
Fighting broke out over the Anglo-Irish Treaty, pitting pro-treaty government forces against the IRA faction that rejected it. Many on both sides had been comrades against the British. The National Army held Dublin by early July.
Why it is interesting. Former comrades from the fight against Britain turned on each other over a treaty.
Notes and dating details
Infobox and lead give the conflict as 28 June 1922 to 24 May 1923.
· Vladivostok, Provisional Priamurye Government (now Russia) · Asia
Some details uncertain.
On 25 October 1922 Vladivostok fell, the final date given for the Russian Civil War. The conflict had pitted the Bolshevik Red Army against the White movement since the October Revolution, and the Bolsheviks won.
Why it is interesting. The war that began with the October Revolution closed in the Far East with the fall of Vladivostok.
Notes and dating details
Infobox gives the war as 7 November 1917 to 25 October 1922; the body text records that Vladivostok fell on 25 October 1922. Wikidata gives place as Mongolia, which the source does not support; the Vladivostok place is taken from the body text. Place: Vladivostok was the capital of the White Provisional Priamurye Government and fell to the Red Army of the Far Eastern Republic on 25 October 1922 as the Japanese withdrew.
· Western Anatolia, Government of the Grand National Assembly (now Turkey) · Middle East
Some details uncertain.
Greece and the Turkish National Movement fought over Anatolia after the Ottoman defeat. Greek forces had landed at Smyrna in 1919 and reached close to Ankara in 1921, but their front collapsed in August 1922 and the fighting effectively ended when Smyrna burned.
Why it is interesting. A war that began with a Greek landing at Smyrna ended with the burning of that same city.
Notes and dating details
English lead and infobox give 14 October 1922 as the end; the Armistice of Mudanya article says Greece acceded to the armistice on 14 October after it was signed on 11 October, which is Wikidata's date. The 14 October date's calendar is not stated, and Greece kept the Julian calendar until 1923 (Greek Wikipedia dates the Mudanya talks in both styles, 20 September/3 October 1922). October 1922 holds under either reading, so the month is stored. The lead treats the Turkish recapture of Smyrna and the fire there in September 1922 as the practical end. Place: by the Mudanya armistice in October 1922 the Greek army had left western Anatolia and the Ankara government held it.
Foreign ministers Georgi Chicherin and Walther Rathenau negotiated a treaty in which Germany and Russia each gave up territorial and financial claims on the other and opened friendly diplomatic relations. It was signed at Rapallo, near Genoa, and disappointed France and the United Kingdom.
Why it is interesting. Two outcast states of Europe made their own deal while the Genoa conference was in session.
Notes and dating details
The parties swapped ratifications in Berlin in January 1923 (31 January).
· Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (now Russia) · Europe
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was formed in Moscow on 30 December 1922, growing out of the October Revolution and the Bolshevik win in the Civil War. It was a federal union of national republics run by the Communist Party, and it lasted until 1991.
Why it is interesting. A state born from the 1917 revolution lasted from 1922 until its dissolution in 1991.
Notes and dating details
Infobox gives 30 December 1922 as start, event 'Treaty of Creation'.
The British Empire, the United States, France, Italy and Japan signed a treaty on 6 February 1922 that limited naval building so that no arms race would start. It capped battleships, battlecruisers and aircraft carriers, and limited each cruiser, destroyer and submarine to 10,000 tons.
Why it is interesting. Five major powers agreed to cap their battleship building rather than race each other.
Notes and dating details
The infobox gives the signing date as 6 February 1922, and the body says the treaty was finalized on that day. Wikidata's point in time is also 6 February 1922; its start and end dates for the conference are month-level only (November 1921 and February 1922), not 1 February.
On 2 October 1922 Lithuania brought in its own currency, the litas, after declaring independence. It took the place of the ostmark and ostrubel that German occupation forces had issued during the First World War.
Why it is interesting. The currency introduced in 1922 returned in 1993 and lasted until Lithuania adopted the euro in 2015.
Notes and dating details
Banknote issues dated 10 September and 16 November 1922 appear in the body tables; the lead date of 2 October 1922 is used.
Six people living on the small Hinterkaifeck farm in Bavaria were murdered on the evening of 31 March 1922. The victims were three generations of one family and a maid who had only just arrived. The crime remains unsolved.
Why it is interesting. The attacker lived on the farm with the six bodies for three days.
Sylvia Beach published the full book in Paris on 2 February 1922, on Joyce's fortieth birthday. It follows three Dubliners through a single day, 16 June 1904, now celebrated as Bloomsday, and echoes Homer's Odyssey.
Why it is interesting. Joyce planned for the book to appear on his fortieth birthday, and it did.
Turkey's Grand National Assembly abolishes the Ottoman sultanate
· Ankara, Government of the Grand National Assembly (now Turkey) · Middle East
Turkey's Grand National Assembly voted on 1 November 1922 to abolish the monarchy, which ended the Ottoman Empire. Mehmed VI, the last sultan, sailed from Constantinople on HMS Malaya on 17 November.
Why it is interesting. The last Ottoman sultan sailed away from Constantinople on a British warship.
Notes and dating details
The article concerns the sultanate; Wikidata labels the item the abolition of the caliphate, which the source dates to March 1924. Dates are given in Gregorian form. Place: held by the Ankara government (Government of the Grand National Assembly, in existence from 23 April 1920), not by the Istanbul government.
· Mudanya, Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) · Middle East
On 11 October 1922 Turkey, represented by the Grand National Assembly, signed an armistice with Italy, France and Britain in the town of Mudanya. Greece acceded to it later that month, and the final settlement came later at Lausanne.
Why it is interesting. A ceasefire signed in a small town in Bursa province paved the way for the Treaty of Lausanne.
Notes and dating details
Signed at Mudanya on 11 October 1922, matching Wikidata. Turkish civil dates had used Gregorian day and month numbering since 1917, so the signing day is the same under a Turkish reading. The article gives 14 October for Greece's accession without naming the calendar (Greece kept the Julian calendar until 1923), so the summary says only that Greece acceded later that month.
Agatha Christie's The Secret Adversary is published
Art & literature
Agatha Christie's second published mystery novel came out in the UK in January 1922, issued by John Lane at The Bodley Head, with Dodd, Mead following in the US later that year. It introduced the characters Tommy and Tuppence.
Notes
Infobox and lead give January 1922 for the UK edition; the US edition followed later in 1922. Wikidata gives only 1922.
Camille Jordan, a French mathematician born in Lyon in 1838, died in Paris in January 1922. He is known for foundational work in group theory, and his textbook Cours d'analyse was also widely known.
Notes
English Wikipedia gives 22 January 1922; French and German Wikipedia give 21 January 1922. Month precision stored because the day differs. Wikidata gives 1922-01-22.
The first issue of Rycerz Niepokalanej appears in Kraków
Art & literature
Father Maximilian Kolbe founded the Polish Catholic monthly Rycerz Niepokalanej, first issued in Kraków in January 1922 with a circulation of 5,000. Its main office moved to Grodno in October 1922.
Notes
Infobox and lead give January 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922.
Stefan Zweig's Letter from an Unknown Woman first appears
Art & literature
Zweig's novella appeared in Vienna's Neue Freie Presse on 1 January 1922, and Insel Verlag reprinted it later that year in the collection Amok. It tells of an author reading a letter from a woman he does not remember.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the lead gives 1 January 1922.
England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales played ten matches in the 1922 Five Nations, from 2 January to 8 April. It was the eighth series since France joined the Home Nations Championship.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 2 January – 8 April 1922; Wikidata gives the same dates.
Allied nations met in Cannes from 6 January 1922, with talks on German war reparations centred on Briand and Lloyd George. Briand left on 12 January and his government fell the next day, ending the conference.
The Georgian Technical University begins as a polytechnic faculty in Tbilisi
ScienceSome details uncertain
The university began in 1922 as the polytechnic faculty of Tbilisi State University. It is now Georgia's largest technical university and was formerly named the V. I. Lenin Georgian Polytechnical Institute.
Notes
The day comes only from the infobox; the lead, body and Wikidata give just 1922.
David Paul Scofield was born in Edgbaston, Birmingham, on 21 January 1922. He won an Academy Award, an Emmy and a Tony, completing that treble in seven years.
Notes
The article gives Edgbaston, Birmingham as his birthplace; Wikidata names Hurstpierpoint.
Pope Benedict XV, who headed the Catholic Church from 1914, died on 22 January 1922 in the Apostolic Palace in Rome. He was chosen at 59 as the First World War broke out, and tried to mediate peace in 1916 and 1917.
James Bryce, an academic, jurist, historian, diplomat and Liberal politician, died at Sidmouth, Devon, on 22 January 1922. He had served as ambassador in Washington from 1907 to 1913.
Fredrik Bajer, a Danish writer and teacher who entered politics as a pacifist, died in Copenhagen on 22 January 1922. He was born at Næstved in 1837 and shared the 1908 Nobel Peace Prize with Klas Pontus Arnoldson.
Arthur Nikisch, a Hungarian conductor who held posts in Boston, London and Leipzig but chiefly in Berlin, died in Leipzig on 23 January 1922 and was buried there. He was considered an outstanding interpreter of Bruckner, Tchaikovsky, Beethoven and Liszt.
Notes
The lead gives 23 January 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-01-24 and also lists 23 January.
· Spindlermühle, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic) · Europe
Franz Kafka begins writing The Castle
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
Franz Kafka began writing The Castle on 27 January 1922 at a mountain resort. It tells of a newcomer called K. who keeps failing to reach the secretive officials ruling a village from a castle. He gave it up that September.
Notes
The article gives the evening of 27 January 1922 as the start of writing and says it was the day he arrived at the resort; French Wikipedia puts his arrival at Spindlermuhle on 22 January 1922, so the arrival day is left out. Wikidata gives 1922 (year). The resort is named Spindlermuhle in a photo caption and is now in the Czech Republic.
Giovanni Verga, an Italian writer of the realist verismo school, died of a cerebral thrombosis on 27 January 1922 in Catania. His best-known novels include I Malavoglia and Mastro-don Gesualdo.
Notes
Infobox gives death place Catania. The article's body says he was born into a family of Vizzini in Sicily, while the infobox and French Wikipedia give Catania as his birthplace, so the birth place is left out.
· Stockholm, Sweden and Davos, Switzerland · Europe
The 1922 World Figure Skating Championships are held
Sport
Pairs skated in Davos on 29 January 1922, with men and ladies skating in Stockholm in early February. Gillis Grafström won the men's title, Herma Plank-Szabo the ladies' title, and Helene Engelmann and Alfred Berger the pairs.
Notes
Wikidata gives only the year, with start 29 January and end 6 February 1922, matching the lead.
The Permanent Court of International Justice holds its first session
Politics & diplomacy
Linked to the League of Nations and often known as the World Court, the Permanent Court of International Justice held its first session at the Peace Palace in The Hague on 30 January 1922. It dealt mainly with preliminaries and received nine cases during 1922.
Notes
The court was created in 1920 (infobox) and held its first sitting on 30 January 1922. Wikidata gives 1922.
· Sekretariova Theater, Moscow, Soviet Russia (now Russia) · Europe
Habima premieres The Dybbuk in Hebrew in Moscow
Stage, music & film
Habima gave the Hebrew-language premiere of The Dybbuk on 31 January 1922 at the Sekretariova Theater in Moscow, using a Hebrew version prepared by Hayim Nahman Bialik. The play had first appeared in Yiddish, performed by the Vilna Troupe in Warsaw in 1920.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the history section gives the Hebrew premiere as 31 January 1922. The Palestine staging has no exact date.
· Central Theatre, New York City, United States · North America
Erich von Stroheim's Foolish Wives premieres
Stage, music & film
Erich von Stroheim wrote and directed this Universal silent drama, which premiered on 11 January 1922. Universal billed it as the first million-dollar Hollywood film, and the studio cut it drastically before release.
Notes
The infobox gives released 11 January 1922. The Post-production section names the Central Theatre in New York as the venue for the premiere that day, matching Wikidata. Silent Era's entry agrees: premiere on 11 January 1922 at New York's Central Theatre, general release 8 May 1922 (copyright 11 February 1922).
· Oak Park, Illinois, United States · North America
Betty White is born
Lives
Betty White was born in Oak Park, a Chicago suburb, on 17 January 1922. Her screen career lasted over seven decades, and she produced the sitcom Life with Elizabeth.
Nellie Bly, the pen name of American journalist Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman, died of pneumonia on 27 January 1922 in New York City. She was born in 1864 and had become widely known for circling the globe in 72 days.
Robert William Holley was born in Urbana, Illinois, on 28 January 1922. He shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Khorana and Nirenberg for work on the structure of alanine transfer RNA.
Ryūnosuke Akutagawa's story In a Grove is first published
Art & literature
Akutagawa's story first ran in the January 1922 issue of the magazine Shinchō. It is told through contradictory testimonies about a samurai's death near Kyoto.
Notes
Body gives January 1922; the infobox and Wikidata give only 1922.
Har Gobind Khorana is recorded as born on 9 January 1922 in Raipur, Punjab. He shared the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work showing how the order of nucleotides in nucleic acids carries the genetic code.
Notes
The article says his exact birth date is uncertain: he believed it might have been 9 January 1922, and that date became widely accepted.
Ōkuma Shigenobu, a leading Meiji and Taishō statesman and twice Prime Minister, died in Tokyo on 10 January 1922. He had championed Western science and culture and parliamentary democracy in Japan.
· Bombay, British India (now Mumbai, India) · Asia
The Prince of Wales Museum is inaugurated in Mumbai
Art & literature
Lady Lloyd, wife of Bombay's governor George Lloyd, inaugurated the museum on 10 January 1922. George Wittet designed the Indo-Saracenic building, which was founded to mark a visit by the Prince of Wales, later George V.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 10 January 1922, matching Wikidata.
Ernest Shackleton, born in County Kildare in 1874, died at Grytviken, South Georgia, on 5 January 1922. He led three British expeditions to the Antarctic and was a leading figure of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration.
T. E. Lawrence completes the 1922 text of Seven Pillars of Wisdom
Art & literature
T. E. Lawrence finished a polished version of Seven Pillars of Wisdom, of 335,566 words, in February 1922, after working on it in London, Jeddah and Amman during 1921. Once he had re-enlisted under an assumed name, he cut it by about a quarter for a limited subscribers' edition, which appeared in late 1926.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the lead and history section date the completion to February 1922. The article does not date the cut: it says only that after re-enlisting (the article places this around mid-1922) Lawrence shortened it to 250,597 words; that shorter text was the basis of the subscribers' printing of late 1926; the text was about 25% shorter. The lead gives December 1926 as the date the book was first published.
Conan Doyle's The Problem of Thor Bridge appears in The Strand Magazine
Art & literature
The Strand Magazine ran this Sherlock Holmes story in two instalments, February and March 1922, and Hearst's International carried it in the US over the same months.
Notes
Infobox and publication history give February–March 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922.
The first issue of Elefthero Vima, later To Vima, appears in Athens
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
The Greek newspaper To Vima first appeared in February 1922 under the name Elefthero Vima. Politicians and diplomats founded it, Dimitrios Lambrakis took over its management, and Gerasimos Lykhnos was the first editor-in-chief.
Notes
English and Greek Wikipedia both give 6 February 1922 for the first issue of Elefthero Vima without naming the calendar. Greece used the Julian calendar until 1923, so the Gregorian date is 6 February 1922 if the source uses New Style, or 19 February 1922 if it uses Old Style. February 1922 holds under either reading, so the month is stored.
Sylvia Beach published the full book in Paris on 2 February 1922, on Joyce's fortieth birthday. It follows three Dubliners through a single day, 16 June 1904, now celebrated as Bloomsday, and echoes Homer's Odyssey.
· Sistine Chapel, Apostolic Palace, Vatican City · Europe
The papal conclave of 1922 begins
Religion & philosophy
Cardinals gathered on 2 February 1922 to choose a successor to Benedict XV. All but seven of the 60 attended, and on the fourteenth ballot they elected Achille Ratti, archbishop of Milan, who took the name Pius XI.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 2–6 February 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-02-06 as the end.
The Cheka, the first Soviet secret police organisation, led by Felix Dzerzhinsky, was dissolved on 6 February 1922. The State Political Directorate took over from it. Under Lenin's direction it had carried out mass arrests, torture and executions without trial.
Notes
Infobox gives dissolution 6 February 1922, succeeded by the State Political Directorate.
The State Political Directorate, known as the GPU, was formed from the Cheka on 6 February 1922. It served as the secret police of the Russian Soviet republic, becoming the all-union OGPU in November 1923.
Notes
Infobox and body give formation on 6 February 1922.
The sixth section of the Shukhov radio tower is raised in Moscow
ArchitectureSome details uncertain
On 14 February 1922 the sixth section of Vladimir Shukhov's steel diagrid broadcasting tower was put up and fixed in place. Construction ran from 1920 to 1922, during the Civil War.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the infobox gives completion in 1922 and the history section dates the installation of the sixth section to 14 February 1922, without saying it was the last.
Ireland issues its first stamps, overprinted British ones
Everyday lifeSome details uncertain
Irish-language overprints on British stamps went on sale on 17 February 1922 as a stopgap before separate Irish issues. Stamps from Britain had been used across Ireland since 1840, and domestic-design definitives followed on 6 December 1922.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922; the source dates the overprints from 17 February 1922 and the first definitive series to 6 December 1922.
The 1922 World Allround Speed Skating Championships are held in Kristiania
Sport
The meet ran on 18 and 19 February 1922 at Frogner Stadion in Kristiania. Harald Strøm took his first world title, with Roald Larsen second and Clas Thunberg third.
Notes
Wikidata gives month precision (1922-02) with 18–19 February as start and end; the lead and infobox give 18–19 February 1922.
· Zagreb, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (now Croatia) · Europe
The first issue of the newspaper Borba appears in Zagreb
Art & literature
Borba, founded by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, published its first issue in Zagreb on 19 February 1922. Its first editors were Đuro Cvijić and Kamil Horvatin, and it came out weekly until 1929.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 19 February 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922.
The Civic Guard, forerunner of the Garda Síochána, is formed
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
In February 1922 the Provisional Government formed the Civic Guard to take over policing in the new Irish Free State, replacing the Royal Irish Constabulary and the Dublin Metropolitan Police. The force took the name Garda Síochána in 1923.
Notes
Infobox gives formed 22 February 1922; the lead dates the formation of the Gardaí to 1923, when the Civic Guard took that name. Wikidata gives 1922-02-22.
Soviet decree orders church valuables seized for famine relief
Politics & diplomacy
A decree of 23 February 1922 from the All-Russian Central Executive Committee ordered church jewellery seized to help fight the famine of 1921–1922. Precious metals and gems were taken from churches of all denominations during 1922, and the campaign was declared finished on 26 May.
Notes
The decree is dated 23 February 1922 in the body; the campaign was completed 26 May 1922. Wikidata gives 1922-02-23.
Pirandello wrote Enrico IV in 1921, and it received an acclaimed premiere at Milan's Teatro Manzoni on 24 February 1922. At its centre is a man who thinks he is Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the lead gives 24 February 1922.
H. P. Lovecraft's Herbert West–Reanimator begins serialisation
Art & literature
Lovecraft's horror story ran in instalments in the amateur magazine Home Brew from February to July 1922. He wrote it between October 1921 and June 1922.
Notes
Infobox and lead agree on a February to July 1922 serialisation; no days are given.
The museum first opened on 1 February 1922 as the Akron Art Institute. It began in two borrowed rooms in the public library's basement, with art-appreciation classes organised by Edwin Coupland Shaw and Jennifer Bond Shaw.
John Butler Yeats, the Irish artist and father of W. B. Yeats and Jack Butler Yeats, died in a New York boarding house on 3 February 1922. He was buried in Chestertown, New York.
Notes
Wikidata's place (Chestertown) is the burial place; the infobox gives New York City as the place of death.
DeWitt Wallace and his wife Lila Bell started Reader's Digest, with its first issue out in February 1922. It became an American general-interest family magazine that was for years the top-selling consumer magazine in the US.
Notes
Infobox gives first date 5 February 1922; the body names the first issue as February 1922.
The British Empire, the United States, France, Italy and Japan signed a treaty on 6 February 1922 that limited naval building so that no arms race would start. It capped battleships, battlecruisers and aircraft carriers, and limited each cruiser, destroyer and submarine to 10,000 tons.
Notes
The infobox gives the signing date as 6 February 1922, and the body says the treaty was finalized on that day. Wikidata's point in time is also 6 February 1922; its start and end dates for the conference are month-level only (November 1921 and February 1922), not 1 February.
The disarmament conference called by the United States ended on 6 February 1922 after meeting since 12 November 1921. Nine nations attended, Germany and Soviet Russia were not invited, and it produced the Four-Power, Five-Power and Nine-Power treaties.
On 6 February 1922 all nine delegations at the Washington Naval Conference signed a treaty upholding China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, in line with the Open Door Policy. The signatories were the United States, Japan, China, France, Britain, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Portugal.
Ernst Lubitsch's The Loves of Pharaoh has its New York premiere
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
Ernst Lubitsch's German historical epic, starring Emil Jannings, had a New York premiere on 21 February 1922. It was Lubitsch's last German feature before he moved to Hollywood in 1923.
Notes
The day is the New York premiere from the infobox only; English Wikipedia gives no German release date. Wikidata gives only 1922.
José María Orellana wins Guatemala's presidential election
Politics & diplomacy
José María Orellana won the presidential election of 22 February 1922 in Guatemala, in a vote the military controlled while silencing the opposition. He took office on 4 March.
· Municipal Theater, São Paulo, Brazil · South America
Modern Art Week opens at São Paulo's Municipal Theater
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
A multi-art festival at São Paulo's Municipal Theater in February 1922 brought art exhibitions, lectures, concerts and poetry readings before the wider public. It is historically seen as the start of Brazilian Modernism, organised chiefly by Mário de Andrade and Emiliano Di Cavalcanti.
Notes
English lead gives 10 to 17 February 1922; French Wikipedia gives 13 to 17 February; Wikidata gives 11 to 18 February. Month precision stored because the sources differ on the days.
Pedro Nel Ospina wins Colombia's presidential election
Politics & diplomacy
Conservative Pedro Nel Ospina won Colombia's presidential election in February 1922 with 62 percent of the vote and took office on 7 August. His Liberal rival Benjamín Herrera claimed the vote was marred by fraud.
Yamagata Aritomo, a general who twice served as Japan's prime minister, died in Odawara on 1 February 1922. A member of the genrō, he had been the Imperial Japanese Army's first Chief of Staff and shaped its nationalist outlook.
· Chauri Chaura, Gorakhpur district, British India · Asia
The Chauri Chaura incident takes place in British India
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
Police fired on protesters in the non-cooperation movement at Chauri Chaura, and the demonstrators retaliated by setting a police station on fire and killing everyone inside. Three civilians and 22 policemen died. Gandhi suspended the national movement on 12 February.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 4 February 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-02-05.
The Apostolic Prefecture of Nagoya was formed on 18 February 1922, taken from the Apostolic Prefecture of Niigata and the Archdiocese of Tōkyō. It later became the Latin Church Diocese of Nagoya.
Notes
The 1922 event created the prefecture, the diocese's predecessor. Wikidata gives only 1922.
On 28 February 1922 Britain formally recognised Egypt as a sovereign, independent state, ending the protectorate. British archives say it ended exactly forty years of occupation, but a 'reserved points' clause greatly restricted that independence.
Christiaan de Wet, who commanded Boer forces, later led a rebellion and worked as a politician, died at his farm on 3 February 1922. In May 1902 he had briefly filled in as State President of the Orange Free State.
Pier Paolo Pasolini was born in Bologna on 5 March 1922. He worked as a poet, novelist, film director, actor and playwright, and directed The Gospel According to St. Matthew and Salò.
Rudolf Heinrich Baer, later known as Ralph H. Baer, was born on 8 March 1922 in Germany. His Jewish family left Germany shortly before the Second World War.
Notes
The infobox gives Rodalben as birthplace, while the body says the family lived in Pirmasens.
The All-Ukrainian Photo Cinema Administration (VUFKU) is established
Stage, music & film
VUFKU was set up on 13 March 1922 under the Ukrainian SSR's education commissar. A directive of 22 April 1922 put all film theatres and companies in Ukraine under its control.
Riots in Shuya over the confiscation of church valuables
Politics & diplomacy
Believers resisted the confiscation of church valuables in Shuya on 15 March 1922. Shots fired into the crowd at Shuya Cathedral killed 4 or 5 people. Officially the valuables were to be sold to fight famine in the Volga region.
The football club that became Lech Poznań is founded
Sport
In Poznań, the club registered on 19 March 1922 under the name KS Lutnia Dębiec. Its first match, against Urania Starołęka that May, ended level, and it won a pitch on Grzybowa street in September 1922.
The first stone of the Las Ventas bullring is laid in Madrid
Architecture
Builders set the first stone at the centre of the planned ring on 19 March 1922. José Espeliú designed Las Ventas in Neo-Mudéjar style with ceramic inlays, and the ring itself opened on 17 June 1931.
Notes
Wikidata gives only the year 1922; the day comes from the History section. The infobox and lead give the inauguration as 17 June 1931.
East Karelian separatists, backed by Finnish volunteers from 6 November 1921, tried to break away from Soviet Russia. The uprising ended on 21 March 1922, after Soviet Russia and Finland agreed measures to keep their border inviolable.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 6 November 1921 – 21 March 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-03-21.
Twenty deputies of Central Lithuania's dissolved Sejm join Poland's Legislative Sejm
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
On 24 March 1922 twenty deputies from the Republic of Central Lithuania, whose own Sejm had been dissolved, joined Poland's Legislative Sejm. That body had served as Poland's first parliament and constituent assembly from 1919 to 1922.
Notes
Wikidata gives 27 November 1922 as the end of the term; English Wikipedia says only that the Sejm sat until 1922, so the date stored is that of a different 1922 event in the article, the joining of the twenty deputies on 24 March 1922.
The Russian Communist Party opens its 11th Congress in Moscow
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
Delegates met in Moscow from 27 March to 2 April 1922, mainly to assess the results of the New Economic Policy. The congress elected the 11th Central Committee.
Notes
The lead gives 27 March – 2 April 1922; Wikidata gives an end date of 22 April 1922, which the source does not support.
Six people living on the small Hinterkaifeck farm in Bavaria were murdered on the evening of 31 March 1922. The victims were three generations of one family and a maid who had only just arrived. The crime remains unsolved.
Lovecraft's story The Music of Erich Zann is first published
Art & literature
Lovecraft wrote the horror story in December 1921, and it first appeared in the March 1922 issue of the magazine The National Amateur. It follows an elderly musician whose strange melodies draw a young student's curiosity.
Notes
Infobox and lead give March 1922; no day is given.
H. P. Lovecraft's story The Tomb is first published
Art & literature
Lovecraft wrote The Tomb in June 1917, and it first appeared in the March 1922 issue of the magazine The Vagrant. Its narrator, Jervas Dudley, becomes fixated on a burial vault close to where he grew up.
Notes
Infobox and lead give March 1922; no day is given.
F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Beautiful and Damned is published as a book
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
Charles Scribner's Sons published Fitzgerald's second novel as a book on 4 March 1922, after serialisation from September 1921. Set in New York City, it follows the artist Anthony Patch and his wife Gloria Gilbert.
Notes
Only the infobox gives the day; Wikidata gives 1922.
Tula Ellice Finklea, later the dancer and actress Cyd Charisse, was born in Amarillo on 8 March 1922. She recovered from childhood polio and trained in ballet, and her film partners were frequently Fred Astaire or Gene Kelly.
Notes
The article gives 8 March 1922 throughout; Wikidata also lists 8 March 1921 as an alternative.
The film trade body that became the MPA holds its first meeting
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
The Motion Picture Association was founded in 1922 as a trade association of film companies, covering American producers and distributors. Its aim was to safeguard the viability of the American film industry.
Notes
Day taken from a photo caption (first meeting of the MPPDA, 10 March 1922); the infobox and lead say 1922. Wikidata gives 1922-03-10.
Buster Keaton and Edward F. Cline wrote and directed Cops, released on 11 March 1922. In it a young man is pursued by the whole Los Angeles police force.
· Lowell, Massachusetts, United States · North America
Jack Kerouac is born
Lives
Jack Kerouac was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, on 12 March 1922 to parents of French-Canadian descent. He became a pioneer of the Beat Generation, alongside Burroughs and Ginsberg.
· The Bronx, New York City, United States · North America
Carl Reiner is born
Lives
Carl Reiner was born in the Bronx on 20 March 1922. He created and often wrote for The Dick Van Dyke Show, and formed a comedy duo with Mel Brooks for The 2000 Year Old Man.
Fabio Lozano Torrijos for Colombia and Alberto Salomón Osorio for Peru signed the treaty in Lima on 24 March 1922. It was meant to settle their long border dispute over land in the Upper Amazon for good, and took effect on 19 March 1928.
Notes
Infobox gives signed 24 March 1922 at Lima and effective 19 March 1928. French Wikipedia says it was signed at Bogotá, so the place is uncertain. Wikidata gives 1922-03-24.
The Special Laws Repeal Act of 1922 repealed the Rowlatt Act, which had extended wartime powers of detention without trial. The same repeals covered the Press Act of 1910 and several sedition laws, following a report by the Repressive Laws Committee.
Notes
Body text places the repeals in March 1922; the infobox names the Special Laws Repeal Act of 1922 (Act 4) but no day. Wikidata gives 1922-03.
Mahatma Gandhi is arrested on a charge of sedition
Politics & diplomacy
On 10 March 1922 Gandhi was arrested; a sedition trial followed and he received a six-year prison term. The arrest came as the non-cooperation movement ended, and the Khilafat Movement fell apart that year.
Notes
The body gives the arrest as 10 March 1922, followed by the sedition trial and six-year sentence (the sentence itself is not dated). Wikidata gives 1922-03-10. The year-page hint places the arrest in Bombay; the article names no place. A second extra row (YG1922-010) on the same arrest was dropped as a duplicate.
· Calcutta, British India (now Kolkata, India) · Asia
The first issue of the Bengali daily Anandabazar Patrika appears
Art & literature
The first issue of Anandabazar Patrika, a four-page evening edition, appeared on 13 March 1922, when Suresh Chandra Majumdar as owner and Prafulla Kumar Sarkar as editor relaunched the paper in Kolkata.
Notes
Infobox, lead and history give 13 March 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922. The history also says it was relaunched later in 1922 under the new owners.
The Prince of Wales opens a military college for Indian cadets at Dehradun
Politics & diplomacy
Edward, Prince of Wales, opened the college at Dehradun on 13 March 1922 and named it after his title. It was modelled on an English public school, as pressure grew to bring Indians into the officer cadre.
Notes
Infobox gives established 13 March 1922. Wikidata gives 1922-03-13.
Yitzhak Rabin was born in Jerusalem on 1 March 1922. He served as Israel's prime minister in 1974–1977 and again from 1992, and was assassinated on 4 November 1995.
White syndicalists, communists and nationalists staged an armed uprising in the Witwatersrand region in March 1922, after a general strike that began on 10 January. The government won in the end.
Notes
Infobox gives 28 December 1921 to 18 March 1922; the lead says the uprising took place in March 1922. Wikidata gives 1922-03.
· Lisbon, Portugal to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil · At sea
Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral fly across the South Atlantic
Exploration
Two Portuguese naval officers, Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral, left Lisbon on 30 March 1922 and flew in stages to Rio de Janeiro, arriving on 17 June and ditching in Guanabara Bay. They used three different Fairey III biplanes.
Notes
Lead gives 30 March to 17 June 1922; Wikidata lists the same start and end.
An annular solar eclipse crosses Peru, Africa and Arabia
Science
An annular solar eclipse occurred on Tuesday 28 March 1922, with greatest eclipse at 13:05 UTC. The ring phase crossed Peru, Brazil, West Africa, Algeria, Libya, Egypt and Arabia.
Charles, the last Habsburg-Lorraine ruler of Austria-Hungary, died in Funchal, Madeira, on 1 April 1922. He had become emperor and king in November 1916 and reigned until the monarchy's abolition in 1918.
Notes
Died at Funchal on Madeira; Wikidata gives the same date.
Hermann Rorschach, a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, died on 2 April 1922 at 37 while serving as associate director of the hospital in Herisau. His inkblot method became known as the Rorschach test.
Stalin becomes the first General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party
Politics & diplomacy
Lenin created the post of General Secretary in 1922 for purely administrative and disciplinary work, and Stalin took it on 3 April 1922, just after the Eleventh Party Congress. He held it until 16 October 1952.
Notes
Infobox and the officeholder list give 3 April 1922, matching Wikidata.
· Thieuloy-Saint-Antoine, Picardie, France · Europe
Two airliners collide in mid-air over France
Disasters
On 7 April 1922, in fog over Thieuloy-Saint-Antoine, a British mail plane flying from Croydon to Paris hit a French plane carrying three passengers to Croydon. Seven people died.
A. V. Dicey, a British jurist and constitutional theorist, died in Oxford on 7 April 1922. He was Oxford's Vinerian Professor of English Law, and his best-known work, on the law of the constitution, appeared in 1885.
Erich von Falkenhayn, Prussian Minister of War and later Chief of the German General Staff, died at Lindstedt Castle near Potsdam on 8 April 1922. He lost his post on 29 August 1916 after setbacks at Verdun, the Somme and the Brusilov Offensive.
Notes
Died at Lindstedt Castle near Potsdam per the infobox.
Sir Patrick Manson, a Scottish physician who helped found tropical medicine, died of a heart attack on 9 April 1922. He showed that mosquitoes transmit human filariasis, and in Hong Kong he founded a medical college for Chinese students.
Representatives of 34 European countries met in Genoa's Palazzo San Giorgio from 10 April 1922. Heads of government attended, and David Lloyd George designed the conference to rebuild Germany and set terms between European capitalist economies and Bolshevik Moscow.
Notes
The conference ran from 10 April to 19 May 1922; Wikidata gives the end date 1922-05-19.
Foreign ministers Georgi Chicherin and Walther Rathenau negotiated a treaty in which Germany and Russia each gave up territorial and financial claims on the other and opened friendly diplomatic relations. It was signed at Rapallo, near Genoa, and disappointed France and the United Kingdom.
Notes
The parties swapped ratifications in Berlin in January 1923 (31 January).
The twenty-third Paris–Roubaix, a classic single-day cycling race, ran on 16 April 1922 from Paris to a velodrome finish in Roubaix. Belgium's Albert Dejonghe won.
Kingsley Amis was born in Clapham, south London, on 16 April 1922, the only child of a clerk at the mustard firm Colman's. His best-known novel is the satirical comedy Lucky Jim, from 1954.
Leonard Clemence Tindemans was born in Zwijndrecht on 16 April 1922. Belgium's prime minister from April 1974 to October 1978, he belonged to the Christian Democratic and Flemish party.
The football team began as the Moscow Sports Club on 1 August 1920, and 18 April 1922 is regarded as the club's formal foundation date. It is described as the most successful club in Russia.
Notes
Infobox says founded 1922; the body gives 18 April 1922 as the formal date. Wikidata gives 1922.
Local high school students formed the town's first organised football club in 1922. It was first called Kosovo and later Proleter, Bashkimi, Kosova and finally Prishtina.
Notes
Only the infobox gives the day (21 April 1922); the history section and French and German Wikipedia give only 1922. Wikidata gives 1922.
The Latvian Olympic Committee was created on 23 April 1922, with Jānis Dikmanis as its first president until 1933. In 1923 the International Olympic Committee told it that Latvia could enter the next Olympic Games.
Notes
History section gives 23 April 1922; the infobox and Wikidata give only 1922.
Fritz Lang directed this silent film, the first in the Dr. Mabuse series. It was released in two parts, the first on 27 April 1922 and the second on 26 May 1922, and runs about four and a half hours.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the infobox gives the two release dates. The source does not give a premiere city.
Paul Deschanel, who was French president from 18 February to 21 September 1920 before being forced out by mental illness, died of pneumonia in Paris on 28 April 1922. He had entered the Senate in January 1921.
· Stamford Bridge, London, United Kingdom · Europe
Huddersfield Town win the 1922 FA Cup final
Sport
Huddersfield Town beat Preston North End 1–0 in the 1922 FA Cup final at Stamford Bridge, thanks to a contentious second-half penalty scored by Billy Smith. The Duke of York was guest of honour.
Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and starred in Pay Day, a silent two-reel short with English intertitles distributed by First National Pictures. It runs 28 minutes.
Elmer Bernstein was born in New York City on 4 April 1922. He scored more than 150 films, among them To Kill a Mockingbird and The Magnificent Seven, and won an Academy Award for Thoroughly Modern Millie.
Charles Mingus Jr. was born in Nogales, Arizona, on 22 April 1922. The jazz bassist and composer worked with Duke Ellington, Charlie Parker and Max Roach, and his albums include Mingus Ah Um from 1959.
· Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States · North America
Jack Klugman is born
Lives
Jack Klugman, youngest of the six children of Russian-Jewish immigrants, was born in Philadelphia on 27 April 1922. He played Oscar Madison in the television version of The Odd Couple.
Marcelo T. de Alvear wins Argentina's presidential election
Politics & diplomacy
The Radical Civic Union candidate, Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, won the presidency on 2 April 1922, with Elpidio González of the same party as vice-president. The party took 49 of the 85 Chamber seats up for election.
· Kedgaon, Poona district, British India (now Pune district, India) · Asia
Pandita Ramabai dies
Lives
Pandita Ramabai, a social reformer and Christian missionary in India, died of septic bronchitis aged 63 on 5 April 1922 at Kedgaon. In the late 1890s she had founded the Mukti Mission there.
Notes
Place: Kedgaon is a village in Daund taluka of today's Pune district; the Pune article says Poona was the official name until 1978.
The Zhili and Fengtian cliques fought for control of Beijing. Fengtian troops deployed on the western front on 10 April 1922, and the Zhili declared war on 25 April. The Fengtian side lost, and its leader Zhang Zuolin was expelled from the Beijing government.
Notes
The infobox gives 10 April – 18 June 1922, but the history section says the Zhili clique declared war on 25 April 1922, so the start day depends on what counts as the start.
The Imperial Japanese Navy commissioned the light cruiser Nagara at Sasebo on 21 April 1922, after she was launched on 25 April 1921. The navy's light cruiser class took its name from this ship.
Notes
Wikidata gives 25 April 1922, which matches the launch day (25 April 1921) in the article rather than the commissioning.
· Ra'anana, Mandatory Palestine (now Israel) · Middle East
The settlement of Ra'anana is founded
Politics & diplomacy
On 2 April 1922 four settlers, three labourers and two armed guards reached the future townsite of Ra'anana. It began as an American-Jewish settlement in the southern Sharon Plain.
Notes
Infobox gives founded 2 April 1922; Wikidata gives the same day.
Julius Kambarage Nyerere was born in Butiama on 13 April 1922, the son of a Zanaki chief. He governed Tanganyika from 1961 to 1964 and then Tanzania until 1985.
York City was founded in May 1922 through the creation of a limited company and was admitted to the Midland League. Its first ground, Fulfordgate, was used between 1922 and 1932.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the history section gives May 1922.
The Renovationist schism begins in the Russian Orthodox Church
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
The split in the Russian Orthodox Church is usually dated to May 1922, when Renovationist clergy claimed higher church authority. Soviet authorities arrested Patriarch Tikhon on 19 May, three days after the new body was set up.
Notes
Lead gives May 1922; the infobox gives the movement as 1922–1946. Month precision keeps any church-calendar offset from mattering.
· Veliko Trgovišće, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (now Croatia) · Europe
Franjo Tuđman is born
Lives
Franjo Tuđman was born at Veliko Trgovišće on 14 May 1922. As a young man he fought with the Yugoslav Partisans, and he was Croatia's first president from 1990 until his death in 1999.
On 14 May 1922 Barcelona beat Real Unión 5–1 in Vigo's Campo de Coia, taking their fifth cup title. A brawl between Surroca and Patricio led to a pitch invasion and a 20-minute stoppage.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the infobox and lead give 14 May 1922.
Alphonse Laveran, the French physician who won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, died in Paris on 18 May 1922 after some months of illness. He had shown that a protozoan, Plasmodium, causes malaria, work he did in Algeria.
The Young Pioneers, the Soviet children's organization, is founded
Everyday life
The Young Pioneer Organization was founded on 19 May 1922 for children aged 9 to 14. Scoutmasters who backed the Komsomol brought in the name 'pioneer', and it disbanded in 1991 after the Communist Party was banned.
Notes
Infobox gives 19 May 1922, matching Wikidata. The source does not say where the founding took place.
The 1st and 2nd Life Guards merge into The Life Guards
War & conflictSome details uncertain
In 1922 two regiments, the 1st and 2nd Life Guards, were merged into a single regiment, The Life Guards, dated from 21 May 1922. It belongs to the Household Cavalry.
Notes
The day comes from the infobox, and the regiment's list of colonels-in-chief also begins on 21 May 1922; the body prose says only 1922. Wikidata gives just 1922.
The tenth Giro d'Italia left Milan on 24 May 1922 with a stage to Padua and finished back in Milan on 11 June. Giovanni Brunero of the Legnano team won, ahead of Bartolomeo Aymo and Giuseppe Enrici.
Born in Sassari on 25 May 1922, Enrico Berlinguer was the son of a socialist who later sat as a deputy and then as a senator. He was national secretary of the Italian Communist Party from 1972 until his death.
Ernest Solvay, a Belgian chemist, industrialist and philanthropist known for the ammonia-soda process, died at Ixelles, Brussels, on 26 May 1922. He was born in Rebecq in 1838.
Christopher Lee was born in Belgravia, London, on 27 May 1922. He became best known for playing villains in horror films, including Count Dracula in seven Hammer films from 1958.
Voters filled 25 of the Chamber of Deputies' 48 seats on 28 May 1922. The Party of the Right took 13 of them, though its overall total still slipped from 27 to 26 seats.
Yevgeny Vakhtangov, a Russian actor and director who founded the theatre that bears his name, died in Moscow on 29 May 1922. His best-known production, Princess Turandot, was staged in 1922.
Giannis Xenakis was born in Brăila, Romania, on 29 May 1922 to Greek parents. He used mathematical models in music, including set theory and game theory, and became a French citizen after fleeing Greece.
The silent film Sherlock Holmes, starring John Barrymore, is released
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
John Barrymore played Sherlock Holmes in this American silent mystery directed by Albert Parker, released on 1 May 1922. In the UK it came out as Moriarty.
Notes
The day comes only from the infobox; the lead and Wikidata give just 1922.
Released on 7 May 1922, this silent romantic drama was directed by Sam Wood from Elinor Glyn's 1906 novel. Rudolph Valentino and Gloria Swanson were the leads.
Notes
The day comes only from the infobox; the lead and Wikidata give just 1922.
Fitzgerald's The Curious Case of Benjamin Button appears in Collier's
Art & literature
Collier's Magazine first printed F. Scott Fitzgerald's story on 27 May 1922, and James Montgomery Flagg drew its cover and pictures. It follows a man who ages in reverse, from old age to infancy.
· National Mall, Washington, D.C., United States · North America
The Lincoln Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C.
Architecture
Chief Justice William Howard Taft dedicated the Lincoln Memorial on 30 May 1922 and handed it to President Harding. Henry Bacon designed the classical temple, which holds a large seated statue by Daniel Chester French.
Supporters of Colonel Adolfo Chirife tried to force back presidential elections that President Eusebio Ayala had cancelled. When talks failed, Chirife ordered an offensive on the capital from Paraguarí on 27 May 1922.
An Act of the Central Legislative Assembly created the University of Delhi in 1922. Hari Singh Gour served as its first Vice-Chancellor from 1922 to 1926.
Notes
Infobox gives established 1 May 1922; the lead and body say 1922.
The Second Dáil's term ends ahead of the Free State parliament
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
The Second Dáil sat from 16 August 1921 until mid-1922. It ratified the Anglo-Irish Treaty on 7 January 1922 by 64 votes to 57, and the treaty led to the Irish Free State, established on 6 December 1922.
Notes
The article is inconsistent: the infobox term ends 16 June 1922 (matching Wikidata), while its session ended 8 June 1922 and the lead says it convened until 8 June. Month used.
The Royal Ulster Constabulary, Northern Ireland's police force, was formed on 1 June 1922, succeeding the Royal Irish Constabulary after the partition of Ireland. George V had granted the name on 29 April 1922.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the infobox and lead give 1 June 1922. The name was granted earlier, on 29 April 1922.
The first match between the two Moscow clubs took place on 1 June 1922, when the sides were known as MKS and OLLS. The meeting later grew into the rivalry called the Main Moscow derby.
The Hamburg firm Beiersdorf was incorporated on 1 June 1922, forty years after Paul Beiersdorf founded the business on 28 March 1882. Its brands include Nivea, Eucerin, Elastoplast and Tesa.
Notes
English Wikipedia's history says that on 1 June 1922 the company was incorporated as P. Beiersdorf & Co. AG. The infobox founding date is 28 March 1882 (the date of a patent, generally regarded as the founding date), and Wikidata gives 1 June 1922.
Hermann Diels, a German classical scholar influential in the study of early Greek philosophy, died in Dahlem, Berlin, on 4 June 1922. His standard work is Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker.
Wolfgang Kapp, a conservative German nationalist best known for the 1920 putsch that carries his name, died in medical custody in Leipzig on 12 June 1922. He had returned from exile in Sweden to face trial and died before testifying.
Eamonn Kevin Roche was born in Dublin on 14 June 1922. He won the Pritzker Prize for architecture and, with John Dinkeloo, designed over 200 projects in the US and abroad.
Ireland holds the general election for the 3rd Dáil
Politics & diplomacy
Voters chose all 128 Dáil seats on 16 June 1922, after Éamon de Valera and Michael Collins had agreed an election pact. From 6 December 1922 the body served as the Free State's Dáil.
Jacobus Kapteyn, a Dutch astronomer who studied the Milky Way extensively, died in Amsterdam on 18 June 1922. He found that stars' apparent motions have two preferred directions, called star streams, and Groningen University made him its first professor of astronomy.
Aage Bohr, one of six brothers and a son of the physicist Niels Bohr, arrived in Copenhagen on 19 June 1922. He shared the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics with Ben Mottelson and James Rainwater.
Walther Rathenau, an industrialist and writer who became Germany's foreign minister in February 1922, was killed in Berlin on 24 June 1922 by assassins from the ultra-nationalist Organisation Consul. His death brought national mourning and demonstrations.
Albert I, who reigned in Monaco from September 1889, died in Paris on 26 June 1922. Oceanography, exploration and science took up much of his life, and in 1911 he promulgated a constitution that ended absolute monarchy.
The 42nd Wimbledon ran from 26 June to 10 July 1922 and was staged at its current Church Road home for the first time. Suzanne Lenglen won the ladies' singles and Gerald Patterson the gentlemen's singles.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 26 June to 10 July; Wikidata lists 12 July as the end.
· Mostar, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (now Bosnia and Herzegovina) · Europe
FK Velež Mostar is founded
Sport
A proposal to set up a workers' sports society in Mostar arose at the start of 1922, and the club was founded on 26 June 1922 in the Sjeverni logor suburb. It is named after the nearby Velež mountain.
Fighting broke out over the Anglo-Irish Treaty, pitting pro-treaty government forces against the IRA faction that rejected it. Many on both sides had been comrades against the British. The National Army held Dublin by early July.
Notes
Infobox and lead give the conflict as 28 June 1922 to 24 May 1923.
A week of street fighting in Dublin opened the Irish Civil War on 28 June 1922, beginning with a Provisional Government assault on the Four Courts. Government forces faced the section of the IRA that rejected the Anglo-Irish Treaty, and the government won decisively.
Notes
Battle ran 28 June to 5 July 1922 per lead and infobox; Wikidata gives 1922-07-05 as the end.
· Kresttsy, Novgorod Oblast, Soviet Russia (now Russia) · Europe
Velimir Khlebnikov dies
Lives
Velimir Khlebnikov, a Russian poet and playwright and a central figure of Russian Futurism, died in June 1922 near Kresttsy while staying as a guest with his friend Pyotr Miturich.
Notes
Date from the infobox and lead (28 June 1922). Wikidata gives the same.
· Grand Rapids, Minnesota, United States · North America
Judy Garland is born
Lives
Frances Ethel Gumm, later Judy Garland, was born on 10 June 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota. She began performing at age two with her sisters as The Gumm Sisters and signed with MGM in 1935, aged 13.
Robert J. Flaherty wrote, directed, shot, edited and produced this silent film, which follows an Inuk called Nanook and his family through hardship in the Canadian Arctic. It blends documentary with staged drama and is credited as the first feature-length documentary to succeed commercially.
Notes
Infobox gives release 11 June 1922; Wikidata gives the same.
Erving Goffman was born in Mannville, Alberta, on 11 June 1922. His dramaturgical analysis of social life began with a 1956 book about everyday self-presentation, and he served as the American Sociological Association's 73rd president.
· San Antonio, Texas, United States · North America
Twenty-five Army officers found USAA in San Antonio
Economy & trade
Twenty-five US Army officers met at San Antonio's Gunter Hotel on 20 June 1922 to found an insurer. They wanted reliable, affordable car insurance, which other insurers would not give them, and the company began as the United States Army Automobile Association.
Notes
Infobox and body agree on 20 June 1922; Wikidata gives the same day.
During a national miners' strike, violence at a mine near Herrin, Illinois, ran from 21 to 22 June 1922. Guards killed three union miners on the first day, and the next day miners killed the mine superintendent and 18 of about 50 strikebreakers and guards.
Notes
Infobox and lead agree on 21–22 June 1922; Wikidata gives only June 1922.
President Hipólito Yrigoyen created the state oil company YPF on 3 June 1922, and Enrique Mosconi became its first director that year. In its first year its output reached 2.2 million barrels, over three-quarters of Argentina's production.
· Samsun, Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) · Middle East
Greek warships bombard Samsun
War & conflict
Greek warships shelled Samsun for three hours on 7 June 1922, firing 400 rounds. The only Turkish gun in town fired back 25 rounds, and three US destroyers present took no part.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 7 June 1922, matching Wikidata. Greece still used the Julian calendar until 1923, but a New York Times report on 11 June 1922 fits the Gregorian date given.
· Konya, Government of the Grand National Assembly (now Turkey) · Middle East
Konyaspor is founded as Konya Gençlerbirliği
Sport
The football club was formed on 22 June 1922 under the name Konya Gençlerbirliği in Konya. Its present form dates from a 1981 merger, and it plays in Turkey's Süper Lig.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 22 June 1922, matching Wikidata. Turkish civil dates had used Gregorian day and month numbering since 1917 (only the year was counted in the Rumi era), so the day is the same under either reading. Place: Konya was held by the Ankara government in June 1922 (the Turkish air force inspectorate was based there that year).
· Aleppo, French Mandate of Syria (now Syria) · Middle East
France constitutes the Syrian Federation
Politics & diplomacy
On 28 June 1922 High Commissioner Henri Gouraud constituted the Syrian Federation under the French Mandate, uniting the states of Aleppo and Damascus with the Alawite state. Its Federal Council met for the first time in Aleppo that same day.
Australia's men's soccer team plays its first match in Dunedin
Sport
Australia's first national men's soccer team was assembled in 1922 to tour New Zealand, and its debut match came in Dunedin. The tour ended with two defeats and a draw.
Notes
Infobox lists the first game as 17 June 1922 in Dunedin, New Zealand; the lead says only 1922. Wikidata gives 1922.
The Shackleton–Rowett Expedition ends at Cape Town
ExplorationSome details uncertain
The expedition, Shackleton's last Antarctic project, sailed in the ship Quest in 1921–22. Shackleton died soon after reaching South Georgia, and Frank Wild led a cruise toward eastern Antarctica. In June 1922 a message from Rowett ordered the ship home from Cape Town.
Notes
Source gives June 1922 as when the recall message reached Cape Town; the exact end day is not stated. Shackleton died 5 January 1922 per the body text.
The International Council for Bird Protection is founded
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
American ornithologists founded the International Council for Bird Protection on 20 June 1922. It later grew into BirdLife International, which links conservation groups worldwide and is based in Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Notes
Infobox gives formation 20 June 1922 and the former name International Council for Bird Preservation; the body text gives the founding year only. The founding place is not stated.
Voting ran from 1 to 3 July 1922, and the Social Democratic Party stayed the largest, with 53 of 200 seats. In November Kyösti Kallio replaced Aimo Cajander's caretaker government with a minority Agrarian-Progressive cabinet.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1 July 1922 and also lists 3 July; the source gives the span 1–3 July 1922.
Born Pietro Costante Cardin near Treviso, Italy, on 2 July 1922, he became the fashion designer Pierre Cardin. His fashion house dates from 1950, and the 'bubble dress' followed in 1954.
Notes
The infobox gives San Biagio di Callalta as birthplace; Wikidata gives Sant'Andrea di Barbarana.
The Netherlands holds its first election under universal suffrage
Politics & diplomacy
Dutch voters elected the House of Representatives on 5 July 1922, the first election after women gained full voting rights. Women's representation rose from one seat to seven, and the Roman Catholic electoral league stayed the largest party.
Michael George Francis Ventris was born in Wheathampstead on 12 July 1922. He trained as an architect and deciphered Linear B, the Mycenaean Greek script.
Felice Nazzaro wins the 1922 French Grand Prix at Strasbourg
SportSome details uncertain
Felice Nazzaro won the 1922 French Grand Prix in a Fiat. Cars covered 60 laps of a 13.38 km course in Strasbourg, just over 800 km, under new rules requiring engines of two litres or less and cars weighing at least 650 kg.
Notes
The English article, French Wikipedia and Wikidata give 15 July 1922; German Wikipedia gives 16 July. Day stored as 15 July on the majority of sources.
Andrey Markov, a Russian mathematician noted for pioneering work on stochastic processes, died in Petrograd on 20 July 1922. His work on dependent variables paved the way for Markov chains, and he also played strong chess.
John Bannister Goodenough was born in Jena on 25 July 1922 to American parents. He helped invent cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries and won the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Jules Guesde, born Jules Bazile, a French socialist journalist and politician, died at Saint-Mandé on 28 July 1922. For a time he edited the socialist newspaper La Petite République.
Jacques Piccard was born in Brussels on 28 July 1922. He developed submarines for studying ocean currents, and he and Don Walsh reached the Challenger Deep on 23 January 1960.
The Örjans Vall sports ground is inaugurated in Halmstad
Architecture
Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf inaugurated the ground on 30 July 1922, when it was called Halmstads Idrottsplats, and about 12,000 people were admitted to the opening. It became Örjans Vall in August, after a medieval hospital called S:t Örjan.
Notes
Infobox and history give 30 July 1922, matching Wikidata.
· Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States · North America
Raytheon is founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts
Economy & trade
Raytheon was founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1922, with MIT professor Vannevar Bush among those who started the company. It grew into a major US defence contractor making weapons and electronics.
Giacobbe LaMotta, the future boxer Jake LaMotta, was born on New York City's Lower East Side on 10 July 1922. He was world middleweight champion from 1949 to 1951 and fought Sugar Ray Robinson six times.
Notes
Many sources gave his birth year as 1921, but his daughter Christi said 1922; the article follows 1922.
· Hollywood, Los Angeles, United States · North America
The Hollywood Bowl officially opens
Stage, music & film
The Hollywood Bowl officially opened on 11 July 1922, with its first season beginning that day under conductor Alfred Hertz. Early events had already taken place, such as the Women's World Peace Concert in November 1921.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 11 July 1922; Wikidata also gives 11 July 1922.
· Avon, South Dakota, United States · North America
George McGovern is born
Lives
George Stanley McGovern was born in Avon, South Dakota, on 19 July 1922. He sat in the US Senate from 1963 to 1981 and was the Democratic presidential nominee in 1972.
· Chicago, Illinois, United States · North America
Jason Robards is born
Lives
Jason Nelson Robards Jr. was born in Chicago on 26 July 1922. He was known for his interpretations of Eugene O'Neill's plays and won two Academy Awards, a Tony and a Primetime Emmy.
William Blake Crump, later the film director Blake Edwards, was born in Tulsa on 26 July 1922. His films include Breakfast at Tiffany's and Victor/Victoria.
Notes
The article gives 26 July 1922 throughout; Wikidata also lists 26 June 1922 as an alternative.
Rex Ingram's silent film The Prisoner of Zenda is released
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
Rex Ingram directed this American silent adaptation of Anthony Hope's 1894 novel, released on 31 July 1922, with Lewis Stone, Alice Terry and Ramón Novarro among the cast.
Notes
The day comes only from the infobox; the lead and Wikidata give just 1922.
Army rebels revolt at Fort Copacabana in Rio de Janeiro
War & conflict
Rebel army factions rose against President Epitácio Pessoa and president-elect Artur Bernardes, with Marshal Hermes da Fonseca as figurehead. In the city they controlled only Fort Copacabana and a military school at Realengo. The revolt was defeated.
Notes
The lead dates the Rio uprising to 5 July 1922; the infobox gives 4–6 July in Rio de Janeiro and 5–13 July in Mato Grosso. Wikidata gives 5 July.
On 5 July 1922 young army officers rebelled at Fort Copacabana in Rio de Janeiro, bringing the tenentism movement to public attention. They tried to stop Artur Bernardes, who had won the presidential vote, from taking office.
Notes
The article treats tenentism as a movement from 1922 to 1930; the revolt at Fort Copacabana (5–6 July 1922) is its first dated event. Wikidata gives 1922 (year).
Korean labourers are killed at a power plant site on the Shinano River
War & conflictSome details uncertain
Up to 100 Korean labourers working for the Okura zaibatsu were killed in July 1922 while building a hydroelectric plant on the Shinano River system. Plant foremen shot or killed Koreans who tried to escape the site.
Notes
Lead and body give July 1922; the 29 July date is the newspaper report, not the killings. Numbers are 'up to 100' and 'dozens'.
Mori Ōgai, an army surgeon general, translator, novelist and poet, died in Tokyo on 8 July 1922. He had brought German literature to Japanese readers, and his novel The Wild Geese, written in 1911–1913, is regarded as his major work.
Notes
Infobox gives death 8 July 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-07-09 and also lists 1922-07-08.
The Japanese Communist Party was founded at a meeting in Tokyo on 15 July 1922, set up in consultation with the Comintern. The government declared it illegal in 1925, and Allied occupation authorities legalised it in 1945.
The Chinese Communist Party holds its second congress in Shanghai
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
Twelve representatives of 195 party members met in Li Da's apartment in the Shanghai International Settlement from 16 to 23 July 1922. They elected the party's second Central Executive Committee, with Chen Duxiu leading the party.
Notes
English lead and infobox and Chinese Wikipedia give 16 to 23 July 1922, matching Wikidata's start and end dates; French and German Wikipedia say 16 to 23 April 1922, which looks like an error but is a disagreement. Wikidata gives only the year.
· Tbilisi, Georgian SSR, Transcaucasian SFSR (now Georgia) · Asia
Djemal Pasha is assassinated in Tbilisi
Lives
Djemal, an Ottoman general and one of the Three Pashas with Talaat and Enver, was assassinated in Tbilisi on 21 July 1922. Members of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation killed him. He had fled the empire in 1918 and been sentenced to death in absentia.
Notes
Date from the infobox and lead (21 July 1922). Wikidata gives the same day.
The Chinese Communist Party's second congress sets up its Central Committee
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
The party's second National Congress set up the Central Committee on 23 July 1922. The committee is the party's highest organ whenever the congress is not meeting, carrying out its resolutions and directing party work.
Notes
Date comes from the infobox (established by the 2nd National Congress, first convened 23 July 1922); the lead does not give a date. Wikidata gives 1922.
Sheikh Khazal rebels against Reza Khan's centralisation in Khuzestan
War & conflictSome details uncertain
Sheikh Khazal of the Emirate of Muhammara resisted centralisation under Reza Khan, who sent a column of 274 soldiers under Colonel Hasan Agha in July 1922. The rising was crushed and Arab autonomy in Khuzestan ended.
Notes
Infobox gives July 1922 to November 1924; the lead says 1922 to 1924. Wikidata's description calls it a 1924 rebellion.
Tanganyika becomes a British League of Nations mandate
Politics & diplomacy
Britain had administered Tanganyika since 1916, at first under military occupation. From 20 July 1922 the former part of German East Africa became a formal League of Nations mandate under British rule.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 20 July 1922, matching Wikidata.
The League of Nations gives Belgium a mandate over Ruanda-Urundi
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
On 20 July 1922 the League of Nations granted Belgium a B-Class Mandate over Ruanda-Urundi, formerly part of German East Africa. Belgian Congo troops had occupied it and Belgium had governed it militarily from 1916.
Notes
Body text and infobox give 20 July 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-07-22.
Latvia launched its lats on 3 August 1922, replacing the Latvian ruble at one lats to 50 rubles. The Latvian Bank began issuing lats banknotes that year, and each lats was divided into 100 santīmi.
The UCI Road World Championships are held in Liverpool
Sport
Liverpool hosted the second UCI Road World Championships on 3 August 1922, with the men's amateur race as the only event. British riders took all three medals: David Marsh gold, Bill Burkill silver and Charles Davey bronze.
Latvia's Cabinet approves introducing the lats to replace the Latvian rublis
Economy & trade
On 3 August 1922 Latvia's Cabinet approved regulations making the lats the national currency, set equal to 50 rubles. The first Latvian ruble had circulated since April 1919, with notes issued until September 1922.
Notes
Wikidata's day matches the cabinet decision; the notes stayed in issue until September 1922, so the decision date, not the end of use, is recorded.
Arthur Griffith, the Irish writer and newspaper editor who started Sinn Féin, died in Dublin on 12 August 1922. He led the Irish delegation in the negotiations behind the Anglo-Irish Treaty and had presided over Dáil Éireann since January.
Notes
Infobox gives cause of death as intracerebral haemorrhage and heart failure.
· Carlton House Gardens, London, United Kingdom · Europe
Lord Northcliffe dies
Lives
Lord Northcliffe, a press baron who owned both the Daily Mail and the Daily Mirror, died at Carlton House Gardens in London on 14 August 1922. He helped pioneer popular, mass-appeal journalism.
Alain Robbe-Grillet was born in Brest on 18 August 1922. He became a leading figure of the Nouveau Roman movement, and the Académie française elected him in March 2004.
Notes
The infobox gives Brest as birthplace; Wikidata gives Saint-Pierre-Quilbignon.
The first Women's World Games, international track and field events for women, took place in Paris at the Stade Pershing from 20 August 1922. Alice Milliat and the FSFI organised them to make up for women's absence from the Olympic programme.
Notes
Day taken from the edition table (20 August 1922, Paris); the lead and infobox say only 1922. Wikidata gives 1922.
Michael Collins, the Irish revolutionary who had been the IRA's Director of Intelligence and chaired the Provisional Government from January 1922, was killed in an ambush on 22 August 1922 at Béal na Bláth in County Cork, during the Civil War.
The first issue of the satirical magazine Krokodil appears
Art & literature
The first issue of Krokodil appeared in Moscow on 27 August 1922 as a satirical supplement to Rabochaya Gazeta. It was weekly at first and ran until 2008.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the lead and infobox give 27 August 1922.
Georges Sorel, a French social thinker, political theorist and historian, died at Boulogne-sur-Seine on 29 August 1922. He is most often remembered for defending violence and for his theory of political myth.
Watford open Vicarage Road with a visit from Millwall
SportSome details uncertain
Watford have played at Vicarage Road since 1922, after leaving Cassio Road. Millwall visited on 30 August 1922, the date tied to the ground's opening, and the Union Stand was moved from Cassio Road and rebuilt at the new ground.
Notes
The history section's sentence about the 30 August 1922 Millwall visit is garbled, and the infobox says opened 30 August 1921 and built 1921, while the tenants line and history say Watford arrived in 1922; Wikidata gives 30 August 1922. Medium confidence.
· Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia, Canada · North America
Alexander Graham Bell dies
Lives
Alexander Graham Bell, born in Edinburgh in 1847, died on 2 August 1922 at Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia. He is credited with patenting the earliest practical telephone and was among the founders of AT&T in 1885.
Blood and Sand, starring Rudolph Valentino, premieres in Los Angeles
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
Fred Niblo's Paramount silent drama, with Rudolph Valentino, Lila Lee and Nita Naldi, premiered in Los Angeles on 5 August 1922 and went into general release on 10 September. It adapts Vicente Blasco Ibáñez's 1908 Spanish novel.
Notes
Row stores the Los Angeles premiere. The English infobox gives 5 August 1922 (United States), French Wikipedia's release list gives the same day, and Silent Era's film entry says it premiered in Los Angeles on 5 August 1922 and was released on 10 September 1922 (copyright 15 August 1922). The English article's Reception section instead puts a Los Angeles opening at the Rialto Theater on 22 August 1922; that day and the theatre name are not confirmed elsewhere, so the better-supported 5 August is stored and the theatre is not named. Wikidata gives only 1922.
· Germantown Cricket Club, Philadelphia, United States · North America
The 1922 U.S. National Championships are played in Philadelphia
SportSome details uncertain
The 42nd edition of the tournament now known as the US Open was played on grass at the Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia. The women's event ran from 14 to 19 August, and the men's draw continued until 16 September.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922. The lead gives the women's event as 14–19 August but does not give the men's start day; the start date is the women's.
Electro-Motive Engineering Corporation is founded in Cleveland
Economy & tradeSome details uncertain
Harold L. Hamilton and Paul Turner created Electro-Motive Engineering Corporation in Cleveland during 1922. It was soon renamed Electro-Motive Company and sold two gasoline-powered rail motor cars in 1923, and General Motors bought it in 1930.
Notes
Only the infobox gives the day (31 August 1922); the lead and history give the year 1922. Wikidata gives 1922.
Peru's football federation was formed on 23 August 1922. It joined FIFA in 1924 and CONMEBOL in 1925, and it runs the national team and the top-flight Primera División.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the lead gives 23 August 1922.
A typhoon devastates Shantou in southeastern China
DisastersSome details uncertain
A devastating tropical cyclone hit Shantou in August 1922. Its death toll is put at between 50,000 and over 100,000, which makes it one of the deadliest typhoons known.
Notes
English Wikipedia says the typhoon struck Shantou in August 1922 (landfall late on 2 August or early on 3 August). Its infobox gives the storm's span as 27 July to 3 August 1922, and Wikidata gives the same span. Death toll is an estimate.
Enver, the Turkish officer and revolutionary who served as the Ottoman Minister of War from 1914 to 1918, died in the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic on 4 August 1922. With Talaat and Djemal he made up the Three Pashas who ruled the empire in the First World War.
Notes
Infobox gives death place as the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic.
Turkish forces under Mustafa Kemal Pasha attacked Greek troops near Dumlupınar in Kütahya, with the assault starting overnight on 25–26 August 1922 as the V Cavalry Corps slipped through. The battle, part of the Great Offensive, ended in a Turkish victory.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 26–30 August 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-08-26 and an end date of 1922-08-30. Turkey's date is given in the Gregorian form. Place: Dumlupınar lay behind the Greek defensive line (the Greek supply railway ran there) and the Turkish forces attacked it.
· Western Anatolia, between the Government of the Grand National Assembly and the Greek occupation zone (now Turkey) · Middle East
Turkey launches the Great Offensive against Greek forces
War & conflictSome details uncertain
The Turkish War of Independence ended with its biggest and last operation, the Great Offensive, whose first move was the Battle of Dumlupınar on 26 August 1922. The capture of İzmir on 9 September took Turkish troops to the coast, and the offensive closed on 18 September.
Notes
Infobox gives 26 August to 18 September 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-09-18 (end) and lists 1922-08-26 as start. Place: the Ankara government attacked the Greek-held Afyon-Kütahya-Uşak-İzmir area.
An Albanian Orthodox congress at Berat declares the Church of Albania autocephalous
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
Albanian Orthodox faithful met in Berat in September 1922 and decided that the Church of Albania would be autocephalous. The congress also allowed religious services to be held in Albanian.
Notes
English lead gives a meeting on 13 September 1922; its body says delegates gathered on 10 September, work began on 11 September and the statute was compiled on 17 September. Albanian Wikipedia says work began on 11 September, when autocephaly was proclaimed, and the statute was approved on 13 September (it also quotes a book dating the proclamation to 13 September). Wikidata gives 10 August to 12 September. No source names the calendar. All accounts fall in September 1922, so the month is stored.
The Monza circuit opened on 3 September 1922, with Alfredo Rosselli as architect. It first carried the name Circuito di Milano, used from 1922 to 1927.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the infobox gives 3 September 1922 as the opening date.
Latvia's Constitutional Assembly founds the Bank of Latvia
Economy & trade
Latvia's Constitutional Assembly passed the bank's founding law on 7 September 1922, and the Cabinet approved interim statutes on 19 September. Kārlis Vanags became its first governor on 1 November 1922.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 7 September 1922, matching Wikidata.
Léon Bonnat, a French painter born in Bayonne in 1833, died at Monchy-Saint-Éloi on 8 September 1922 and was buried in Bayonne. He held a professorship at the École des Beaux-Arts and the rank of Grand Officer in the Légion d'honneur.
· Ostrava, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic) · Europe
SK Slezská Ostrava, later Baník Ostrava, is founded
Sport
Twenty activists signed the founding agreement for SK Slezská Ostrava at the U Dubu restaurant in Ostrava on 8 September 1922. The club began league play in spring 1923 and took the Mitropa Cup in 1988.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922; the history section gives 8 September 1922. Wikidata gives only 1922.
Hans Georg Dehmelt was born in Görlitz on 9 September 1922. He shared half of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physics with Wolfgang Paul for ion-trap work that allowed precise measurement of the electron's magnetic moment.
Pietro Bordino wins the 1922 Italian Grand Prix at Monza
Sport
Pietro Bordino won the second Italian Grand Prix, officially the II Gran Premio d'Italia, driving for Fiat. The race was held at the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza on 10 September 1922.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the lead and infobox give 10 September 1922.
The National Library of Belarus in Minsk was established on 15 September 1922. It is the largest library in Belarus and holds the biggest collection of Belarusian printed material.
Notes
Only the infobox gives the day; Wikidata gives 1922.
· Stockholm, Helsingborg, Malmö and Gothenburg, Sweden · Europe
Benjamin Christensen's Häxan premieres
Stage, music & film
Benjamin Christensen wrote and directed this Swedish-Danish silent horror essay film, which opened in Stockholm, Helsingborg, Malmö and Gothenburg on 18 September 1922. It traces witchcraft beliefs from the Middle Ages up to the 20th century.
Notes
Infobox and body give 18 September 1922; Wikidata also lists 1929-05-27 and a year-only 1922.
Emil Zátopek was born in Kopřivnice on 19 September 1922. Nicknamed the Czech Locomotive, he took three golds at the 1952 Helsinki Olympics: the 5,000 m, the 10,000 m and the marathon.
The football club in Guimarães, Portugal, has 22 September 1922 as its official founding date. Its roots lie in a student football team formed in 1913, and its first board of directors was set up after meetings at the Chapelaria Macedo.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 22 September 1922 as the official date; some researchers treat 1913 as the true founding date.
Greek officers launch the 11 September 1922 Revolution
Politics & diplomacy
On 24 September 1922 the Greek Army and Navy turned on the Athens government and installed a Revolutionary Committee. This followed the army's defeat in the Asia Minor Campaign, and Nikolaos Plastiras and Stylianos Gonatas were among those who marched into Athens.
Notes
The article gives 24 September 1922 (Gregorian) and notes that Greece still used the Julian calendar, which called the day 11 September; Wikidata gives 1922-09-24.
The interwar Bank of Lithuania holds its first board meeting in Kaunas
Economy & trade
The board of the interwar Bank of Lithuania first met on 27 September 1922 in Kaunas, then the country's temporary capital. Operations began on 2 October, and the bank issued the litas from 1922 to 1940.
Notes
Infobox gives established 1922-09-27 (the first board meeting), matching Wikidata; operations began on 2 October 1922.
Bertolt Brecht's play Drums in the Night premiered at the Munich Kammerspiele on 29 September 1922, and Berlin's Deutsches Theater staged another production from 20 December. Brecht had written it between 1919 and 1920.
Notes
The infobox lists the Deutsches Theater as the premiere place, but the production history says the Munich Kammerspiele premiere was on 29 September 1922 and the Berlin production opened later, on 20 December 1922.
· Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada · North America
Yvonne De Carlo is born
Lives
Margaret Yvonne Middleton, later the actress Yvonne De Carlo, was born in Vancouver on 1 September 1922. Her mother enrolled her in a dance school at age three, and she signed with Paramount Pictures in 1942.
· Brooklyn, New York, United States · North America
Arthur Ashkin is born
Lives
Arthur Ashkin was born in Brooklyn on 2 September 1922. He is considered the father of optical tweezers, and won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics at the age of 96.
· Yonkers, New York, United States · North America
Sid Caesar is born
Lives
Isaac Sidney Caesar was born in Yonkers on 8 September 1922. His live show Your Show of Shows drew about 60 million viewers, and he later played Coach Calhoun in Grease.
Hal Roach's studio began the silent Our Gang shorts in 1922, with Pathe Exchange releasing the first short on 10 September. The series followed mischievous children in a working-class Los Angeles neighbourhood.
Notes
The first short released was One Terrible Day on 10 September 1922, the fourth short produced; the pilot film Our Gang followed in November 1922. French Wikipedia also dates the series start to 10 September 1922, matching Wikidata.
On 13 September 1922, two days before the informal 15 September cut-off after which custom said straw hats should no longer be worn, youths began harassing straw-hat wearers in New York City. The unrest lasted eight days, with many arrests and some injuries.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the history section gives 13 September 1922 as the start.
· Franklin Township, New Jersey, United States · North America
Edward Hall and Eleanor Mills are murdered in New Jersey
Everyday life
Edward Hall, an Episcopal priest, and Eleanor Mills, who sang in his choir, were murdered on 14 September 1922, and their bodies were found in Somerset County farmland two days later. The priest's widow and her brothers were tried in 1926 and acquitted.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 14 September 1922, matching Wikidata.
The Council on Foreign Relations began putting out the journal Foreign Affairs on 15 September 1922, as a quarterly. It replaced the Journal of International Relations, which had been published from 1910 to 1922.
Notes
Infobox and lead give founded 15 September 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922.
· Detroit, Michigan, United States · North America
The cornerstone of the Detroit Masonic Temple is laid
Architecture
The cornerstone was laid on 19 September 1922 using the trowel that George Washington used for the US Capitol's cornerstone. The temple, designed by George D. Mason, opened in 1926.
Notes
The body gives 19 September 1922 for the cornerstone; the infobox gives groundbreaking in 1920 and opening in 1926.
· Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States · North America
Arthur Penn is born
Lives
Arthur Hiller Penn was born in Philadelphia on 27 September 1922. He won a Tony Award for directing The Miracle Worker, and his film Bonnie and Clyde (1967) is credited with launching the New Hollywood movement.
· Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States · North America
Lizabeth Scott is born
Lives
Emma Matzo, later the actress Lizabeth Scott, was born in Scranton on 29 September 1922, the oldest of six children. She starred in films noir such as Dead Reckoning (1947).
Notes
English Wikipedia's infobox gives 29 September 1922 as the birth date; Wikidata also lists 29 September 1921 as an alternative, and its description gives her life as 1921-2015.
· Avenida Rio Branco, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil · South America
The Independence Centenary International Exposition opens in Rio de Janeiro
Art & literature
The world's fair marking the centenary of Brazilian independence opened on 7 September 1922 along Rio Branco Avenue, where pavilions were built just for the event. Fourteen countries from three continents took part.
Notes
Wikidata gives the year 1922 with start 7 September 1922; the lead and infobox give 7 September 1922 to 23 March 1923.
The Meguro-Kamata Electric Railway, the most important predecessor of Tokyu, was first registered on 2 September 1922. Tokyu's main business is a railway serving the Greater Tokyo Area.
Notes
The 1922 date is that of a predecessor company; Tokyu itself took its present name in 1942.
· Çanakkale, Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) · Middle East
The Chanak crisis begins between Britain and Turkey
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
In September 1922 Turkish soldiers advanced on British and French posts in the Dardanelles neutral zone, setting off a war scare between the United Kingdom and Turkey's Grand National Assembly government. Canada, France and Italy refused to join a war.
Notes
Lead says September 1922; infobox gives September–October 1922; Wikidata gives 1922-09 with an end of 1922-10-01.
· Kayseri, Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) · Middle East
Pavlos Karahisarithis founds an Orthodox patriarchate in Kayseri
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
In September 1922 Pavlos Karahisarithis founded the Autocephalous Orthodox Patriarchate of Anatolia in Kayseri, backing a pro-Turkish Orthodox group formed that year during the Greco-Turkish War. Other Orthodox churches do not recognise it.
Notes
English Wikipedia's foundation section and Wikidata give 15 September 1922; German Wikipedia gives 21 September 1922, and Turkish Wikipedia gives 21 September 1922 as the date of independence from the Patriarchate of Constantinople. No source names the calendar, and an Orthodox church body might have used the Julian church calendar. September 1922 holds under every reading, so the month is stored.
Britain reappoints Sheikh Mahmud as governor of Sulaymaniyah
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
After a Turkish 'Özdemir' detachment entered the area, the British reappointed Shaykh Mahmud as governor of Sulaymaniyah in September 1922, to counter it. A statement issued there on 10 October 1921 had called for a Kurdish government.
Notes
English Wikipedia dates the Kingdom of Kurdistan to September 1921 - July 1925; the 1922 event stored is the British reappointment of Shaykh Mahmud in September 1922. Wikidata gives only 1922.
· Manisa, Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) · Middle East
Manisa burns during the Greek retreat
War & conflictSome details uncertain
Late on Tuesday 5 September 1922, fire began in Manisa as the Greek army fell back toward Smyrna after a Turkish offensive. The burning went on until 8 September, and about 90 percent of the town's buildings were destroyed.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 5–8 September 1922; the infobox attributes the participants 'per Turkish sources'. Calendar: the weekday given (Tuesday) fits the Gregorian date.
Turkish cavalry rode into Smyrna on 9 September 1922, ending about three years of Greek occupation. The 5th Cavalry Corps under Major-General Fahrettin Altay led the entry, after the Greek army's retreat from Dumlupınar.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 9 September 1922. Accounts of the Turkish entry vary between sources. Place: Smyrna was under Greek occupation until the Turkish entry on 9 September 1922.
Greek troops had held Smyrna and its surroundings since 15 May 1919. The occupation ended on 9 September 1922, when troops under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk captured the city, which had been a key base for the Greek army.
Notes
English Wikipedia gives 15 May 1919 to 9 September 1922. Greek Wikipedia gives both calendar styles for the start (1/15 May 1919) and 9 September 1922 for the end of Greek rule; Turkish Wikipedia gives 9 September 1922 (9 Eylül) for the Turkish army's entry into the city, and Turkish civil dates used Gregorian day numbering by then. Wikidata gives the same day. Place: Smyrna was under Greek occupation until the Turkish entry on 9 September 1922.
Henry Lawson, an Australian bush poet and short-story writer who often wrote for The Bulletin, died in Sydney on 2 September 1922 after a cerebral haemorrhage. His mother was the poet and feminist Louisa Lawson.
A total solar eclipse crosses the Indian Ocean and Australia
Science
A total solar eclipse occurred on Thursday, 21 September 1922. Totality began in Ethiopia and Italian Somaliland, then crossed the Maldives and Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean before reaching Australia.
Notes
Times in the source are UTC; the eclipse path ran from Ethiopia to Australia.
Germany had issued the ostmark in 1918 for the eastern areas it occupied, and in Lithuania it and the ostrubel stayed in use until 1 October 1922, when a new currency replaced them. The mark was tied to a German currency already suffering inflation.
Notes
Infobox gives withdrawal as 1922; the body text gives 1 October 1922 for Lithuania. Wikidata gives 1922.
On 2 October 1922 Lithuania brought in its own currency, the litas, after declaring independence. It took the place of the ostmark and ostrubel that German occupation forces had issued during the First World War.
Notes
Banknote issues dated 10 September and 16 November 1922 appear in the body tables; the lead date of 2 October 1922 is used.
Italian liberals regrouped into the Italian Liberal Party in 1922. It soon allied with the National Fascist Party and shared a joint list with it in the 1924 election.
Notes
The day comes from the infobox (foundation 8 October 1922) and matches Wikidata; the body text says only 1922.
Voters chose all 78 members of the First Seimas on 10 and 11 October 1922, in the first vote under the constitution adopted on 1 August 1922. Christian Democrat-led parties took 38 seats and formed a minority government.
Notes
Lead gives 10 and 11 October 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922.
The Soviet People's Commissariat for Education hosted the show, which opened on Sunday 15 October 1922 at Gallery van Diemen on Unter den Linden. It was the first exhibition of Russian art in Berlin since the Russian Revolution.
Notes
The lead gives 15 October 1922 with a weekday that fits. Wikidata also lists an end date of December 1922 (month precision) and an alternative start of 29 April 1923 with an end on 28 May 1923.
T. S. Eliot's poem The Waste Land first appeared in the UK in the October 1922 issue of his magazine The Criterion, with American readers seeing it in The Dial that November. It has no single narrative and shifts between narrators, places and times.
Notes
Infobox gives UK publication 16 October 1922; the US appearance followed in the November issue of The Dial.
The International Union of Railways (UIC) was set up on 17 October 1922 to standardise practices and widen cooperation across railways. Its founding membership numbered 51 across 29 countries, including Japan and China. It is based in Paris.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 17 October 1922, matching Wikidata. The source does not say where the founding took place.
Aerospace pioneer Andrei Tupolev founded his design bureau in Moscow in 1922 and led it for 50 years, until he died in 1972. Since 2006 it has been a division of the United Aircraft Corporation.
Notes
Infobox gives founded 22 October 1922; the lead and body say 1922.
Marseille Provence Airport opened on 22 October 1922 on the territory of Marignane, northwest of Marseille. The local Chamber of Commerce and Industry operates it.
Notes
Only the infobox gives the day; Wikidata gives the year 1922.
Stuttgart's present central station opened on 23 October 1922, when its first construction stage, tracks 9 to 16, went into service in the early morning as the old station closed. Before 1922 the central station stood by Schlossplatz on Schlosstrasse.
Notes
The English infobox gives 23 October 1922, while the English history section says the first stage entered service on 22 October. German Wikipedia explains the switch-over: the old central station closed at 2 a.m. in the night of 22 to 23 October 1922, and the first part of the new station, tracks 9 to 16, took its first train, to Aalen, at 4:15 a.m. on the 23rd. So 23 October is the opening day.
Oscar Hertwig, a German zoologist and embryologist born in Friedberg, Hesse, in 1849, died in Berlin on 25 October 1922. He is credited with being the first to watch sexual reproduction at the cellular level, in sea urchin cells.
Notes
The infobox has no death date; the lead gives 25 October 1922, matching Wikidata.
Virginia Woolf's third novel, Jacob's Room, appeared on 26 October 1922 from Hogarth Press. The story centres on Jacob Flanders, who is seen mostly through other characters' impressions.
Notes
The English article gives 26 October 1922 (lead and infobox); German Wikipedia gives 27 October 1922. Day stored as 26 October on the English article.
Fascist demonstrators and Blackshirt paramilitaries closed in on Rome on 28 October 1922. King Victor Emmanuel III overruled Prime Minister Facta's wish for a state of siege, and on 30 October he appointed Mussolini Prime Minister.
Notes
Infobox gives 28–31 October 1922. Wikidata gives the month only, with other dates of 27 October (start) and 30 October (end).
The first issue of the Harvard Business Review appears
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
Harvard Business Review started in 1922 as a Harvard Business School publication, with its first issue dated October 1922. Harvard Business Publishing issues it today.
Notes
Only the infobox gives the month (October 1922); Wikidata gives 1922. The source does not say where it was first produced.
Ohio State played its first game at the new stadium on 7 October 1922, against Ohio Wesleyan. About 25,000 people attended, leaving the stadium half empty.
· Grauman's Egyptian Theatre, Hollywood, Los Angeles, United States · North America
Douglas Fairbanks' Robin Hood premieres at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre
Stage, music & film
Grauman's Egyptian Theatre hosted the first-ever Hollywood film premiere on 18 October 1922, for the silent adventure Robin Hood starring Douglas Fairbanks and Wallace Beery. Allan Dwan directed.
Notes
Wikidata also lists 28 March 1923, which the source does not support.
Ruby Ann Wallace, later the actress Ruby Dee, was born in Cleveland on 27 October 1922. She began her career with the American Negro Theatre and was married to the actor Ossie Davis.
· Pasadena, California, United States · North America
The Rose Bowl stadium opens in Pasadena
Architecture
The Rose Bowl stadium, designed by architect Myron Hunt, opened in Pasadena, California, on 28 October 1922 after construction that began in February. The Rose Bowl Game had been played at nearby Tournament Park until January 1922.
Notes
Lead says opened in October 1922; infobox gives 28 October 1922.
Barbara Bel Geddes was born in New York City on 31 October 1922, the daughter of the designer Norman Bel Geddes. Her best-known role was Miss Ellie Ewing on television's Dallas.
Yang Chen-Ning was born in Hefei, Anhui, on 1 October 1922. With Robert Mills he developed what is now called Yang–Mills theory in 1954, and he shared the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-Dao Lee.
· Vladivostok, Provisional Priamurye Government (now Russia) · Asia
Vladivostok falls, ending the Russian Civil War
War & conflictSome details uncertain
On 25 October 1922 Vladivostok fell, the final date given for the Russian Civil War. The conflict had pitted the Bolshevik Red Army against the White movement since the October Revolution, and the Bolsheviks won.
Notes
Infobox gives the war as 7 November 1917 to 25 October 1922; the body text records that Vladivostok fell on 25 October 1922. Wikidata gives place as Mongolia, which the source does not support; the Vladivostok place is taken from the body text. Place: Vladivostok was the capital of the White Provisional Priamurye Government and fell to the Red Army of the Far Eastern Republic on 25 October 1922 as the Japanese withdrew.
· Vladivostok, Japanese-occupied Russian Far East (now Russia) · Asia
Japanese troops leave Vladivostok, ending the Siberian intervention
War & conflictSome details uncertain
The last Japanese soldiers left Vladivostok on 25 October 1922. Japan had sent forces to the Russian Maritime Provinces in 1918 to support White Russian forces against the Red Army, and announced on 24 June 1922 that it would withdraw by October.
Notes
Infobox gives the intervention as 12 January 1918 – 24 June 1922 (the date of the withdrawal announcement); the body says the last troops left Vladivostok on 25 October 1922. Wikidata gives 1922.
· Phnom Penh, French Indochina (now Cambodia) · Asia
Norodom Sihanouk is born
Lives
Norodom Sihanouk was born in Phnom Penh on 31 October 1922. He became king in 1941 under French colonial rule and secured Cambodia's independence from France in 1953.
· Western Anatolia, Government of the Grand National Assembly (now Turkey) · Middle East
The Greco-Turkish War ends
War & conflictSome details uncertain
Greece and the Turkish National Movement fought over Anatolia after the Ottoman defeat. Greek forces had landed at Smyrna in 1919 and reached close to Ankara in 1921, but their front collapsed in August 1922 and the fighting effectively ended when Smyrna burned.
Notes
English lead and infobox give 14 October 1922 as the end; the Armistice of Mudanya article says Greece acceded to the armistice on 14 October after it was signed on 11 October, which is Wikidata's date. The 14 October date's calendar is not stated, and Greece kept the Julian calendar until 1923 (Greek Wikipedia dates the Mudanya talks in both styles, 20 September/3 October 1922). October 1922 holds under either reading, so the month is stored. The lead treats the Turkish recapture of Smyrna and the fire there in September 1922 as the practical end. Place: by the Mudanya armistice in October 1922 the Greek army had left western Anatolia and the Ankara government held it.
· Mudanya, Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) · Middle East
The Armistice of Mudanya is signed
War & conflict
On 11 October 1922 Turkey, represented by the Grand National Assembly, signed an armistice with Italy, France and Britain in the town of Mudanya. Greece acceded to it later that month, and the final settlement came later at Lausanne.
Notes
Signed at Mudanya on 11 October 1922, matching Wikidata. Turkish civil dates had used Gregorian day and month numbering since 1917, so the signing day is the same under a Turkish reading. The article gives 14 October for Greece's accession without naming the calendar (Greece kept the Julian calendar until 1923), so the summary says only that Greece acceded later that month.
A civilian Colony of Niger takes over most of southern and western Niger
Politics & diplomacy
On 13 October 1922 a civilian Colony of Niger took charge of most southern and western areas. Its lieutenant governor answered to the Governor General in French West Africa, and the colony carried that title only until 1960.
Notes
Infobox and body give 13 October 1922, matching Wikidata. The area existed in other forms from 1900.
Voting for the Sejm took place on 5 November 1922, with the Senate vote on 12 November. The Christian Union of National Unity became the largest bloc, winning 163 of the 444 seats.
· Petrograd and Moscow, Soviet Russia (now Russia) · Europe
The Fourth World Congress of the Communist International opens
Politics & diplomacy
The congress met in Petrograd and Moscow from 5 November to 5 December 1922, with 343 voting delegates from 58 countries. It opened days after Mussolini's March on Rome.
Notes
Infobox and lead agree on 5 November to 5 December 1922.
The first Saeima, the one-chamber parliament of the Republic of Latvia, met from 7 November 1922 until 2 November 1925. Elections for it had been held on 7–8 October 1922.
Notes
Infobox gives foundation 7 November 1922 and the first election as 7–8 October 1922; Wikidata gives 1922.
The initial stretch of Line 9, from Exelmans to Trocadéro in the 16th arrondissement, opened on 8 November 1922. Construction works had begun in 1911, and an extension to Saint-Augustin followed on 27 May 1923.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 8 November 1922, matching Wikidata.
Imre Lipsitz, later the philosopher Imre Lakatos, was born in Debrecen on 9 November 1922 to a well-off Hungarian-Jewish family. He introduced the idea of the 'research programme' in the philosophy of science.
Anti-Venizelist officials blamed for the military disaster in Asia Minor were tried for treason before an extraordinary military tribunal in the parliament building in Athens. All nine defendants were convicted, and six were sentenced to death and executed soon after.
Notes
Infobox gives start 13 October 1922 and decision 28 November 1922; the body says the tribunal was set up on 25 October (12 October Old Style) and convened on 13 November (31 October Old Style). The Gregorian 13 November is used.
Oskar Josef Bschließmayer, later the actor Oskar Werner, was born in Vienna on 13 November 1922. He won a Golden Globe for a 1965 Cold War spy film role and was nominated for an Oscar for Ship of Fools.
Station 2LO carries the British Broadcasting Company's first radio news bulletin
Everyday life
Station 2LO broadcast the British Broadcasting Company's first radio news bulletin on 14 November 1922. BBC News is now described as the world's largest broadcast news organisation.
Rudolf Kjellén, a Swedish political scientist and geographer who also held political office, died of heart disease in Uppsala on 14 November 1922. He sat in the Swedish parliament as a conservative.
Latvia's first Saeima elects Jānis Čakste as president
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
On 14 November 1922 the first Saeima chose Jānis Čakste as president of Latvia. He took the oath of office on 18 November, Independence Day, and the second Saeima re-elected him in 1925.
Notes
Infobox gives the post's formation as 14 November 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922. The article's list also shows Čakste as head of state from 17 December 1918, before the constitutional presidency began, so 'first president' is not claimed. The oath followed four days later; French and German Wikipedia do not repeat these dates.
Jānis Čakste wins Latvia's first presidential election
Politics & diplomacy
On 14 November 1922 the Saeima elected Jānis Čakste as Latvia's first president. He was the sole candidate, nominated by agreement of two parties, and received 92 votes in favour with 6 abstentions.
The United Kingdom holds the 1922 general election
Politics & diplomacy
The election on Wednesday 15 November 1922 gave the Conservatives under Bonar Law an overall majority. The Liberals slid to third place, and Labour emerged as the Conservatives' main rivals.
The future Portuguese novelist José Saramago was born on 16 November 1922 in Azinhaga, Portugal. He won the 1998 Nobel Prize in Literature, and his notable works include Baltasar and Blimunda and Blindness.
Marcel Proust, the French novelist, critic and essayist born in Paris in 1871, died there on 18 November 1922. He is best known for In Search of Lost Time, which came out in seven volumes from 1913 to 1927.
The Galicia football team plays its first match, a 4–1 win in Vigo
Sport
Galicia played its first game on 19 November 1922 at Coia in Vigo, winning 4–1 against a Madrid and Castile side in a Copa del Príncipe de Asturias quarter-final. The run stirred up enthusiasm among Galician fans.
Notes
Infobox and body agree on the date. The opponent is called Castile in the infobox and the Centro team in the body.
Bulgarians vote on prosecuting ministers blamed for the national catastrophes
Politics & diplomacy
Bulgarians voted on 19 November 1922 on trying those blamed for the national catastrophes, and 74 percent approved. Seventeen of the 22 ministers had been arrested on 24 September 1922.
The Lausanne Conference on peace with Turkey opens
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
On 21 November 1922 the Allies and Turkey met at Lausanne to negotiate peace after the Turkish victory in its war of liberation. The talks were meant to supersede the Sèvres treaty that Atatürk's new government would not accept. Lord Curzon coordinated the talks and named himself president.
Notes
Lead says the conference opened in November 1922; the body gives 21 November 1922 for the first official meeting. Wikidata gives 1922-11-20. The conference continued into 1923 (Treaty of Lausanne).
On 21 November 1922 Ramsay MacDonald beat the incumbent J. R. Clynes by 61 votes to 56 in the first election for leader of the Parliamentary Labour Party. MacDonald had opposed how Clynes led the party.
Notes
Infobox and result section agree on 21 November 1922.
Manuel Fraga Iribarne was born in Vilalba, Galicia, on 23 November 1922. He helped found the People's Alliance party and led the regional government of Galicia from 1990 to 2005.
Erskine Childers, an English-born Irish nationalist and writer, was executed by firing squad at Beggars Bush Barracks in Dublin on 24 November 1922. He is buried at Glasnevin Cemetery.
Sidney Sonnino, an Italian statesman, died suddenly in Rome on 24 November 1922 after an apoplectic stroke. He twice served briefly as prime minister and was Italy's foreign minister during the First World War.
Vinmonopolet, Norway's state alcohol retailer, is founded
Economy & trade
Vinmonopolet was set up in 1922 as a state-owned company, following trade negotiations with wine exporters, mainly French. It is now the only business in Norway permitted to sell drinks stronger than 4.75 percent.
Notes
The English infobox gives 30 November 1922 as the founding day, and Wikidata's date of founding is also 30 November 1922 at day precision, as is Norwegian Wikipedia's Vinmonopolet article; the English body gives just 1922. The English article calls it government-owned, while Norwegian Wikipedia calls it a private joint-stock company under state control at its founding.
Most Senate races were decided on 7 November 1922, midway through Harding's term. Democrats gained six net seats and the Farmer–Labor party gained one, but Republicans kept their Senate majority.
Notes
The infobox lists one contest dated 12 October 1922, so a few special elections fell on other days.
Dorothy Jean Dandridge was born in Cleveland on 9 November 1922. She sang at the Cotton Club and the Apollo Theater, and was the first African American nominated for the Best Actress Oscar, for Carmen Jones.
· Indianapolis, Indiana, United States · North America
Kurt Vonnegut is born
Lives
Kurt Vonnegut Jr. was born in Indianapolis on 11 November 1922. He wrote fourteen novels, three short-story collections and five plays, and survived the bombing of Dresden as a prisoner of war.
· Detroit, Michigan, United States · North America
Kim Hunter is born
Lives
Janet Cole, later the actress Kim Hunter, was born in Detroit on 12 November 1922. She played Stella Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire on stage and film, winning an Academy Award and a Golden Globe for the film role.
Constance Ockelman, later the actress Veronica Lake, was born in New York City on 14 November 1922. She was best known for film noir roles with Alan Ladd in the 1940s, and her peek-a-boo hairstyle became her trademark.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 14 November 1922; Wikidata also lists 14 November 1919 as an alternative.
· Brooklyn, New York, United States · North America
Stanley Cohen is born
Lives
Stanley Cohen was born in Brooklyn on 17 November 1922. He shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Rita Levi-Montalcini for his work on epidermal growth factor.
· Leavenworth, Kansas, United States · North America
Ricardo Flores Magón dies in prison
Lives
Ricardo Flores Magón, a Mexican revolutionary who promoted anarchism in Mexico, died in November 1922 at Leavenworth Penitentiary in Kansas. His followers were called Magonistas.
Rebecca Felton is sworn in as the first woman to serve in the US Senate
Politics & diplomacy
Rebecca Felton of Georgia was sworn in on 21 November 1922 as the first woman to sit in the US Senate. It was a one-day appointment, a symbolic honour near the end of her life, and at 87 she was the oldest freshman senator ever.
Notes
Infobox gives term November 21-22, 1922. Wikidata gives 1922-11-21.
· Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States · North America
Charles M. Schulz is born
Lives
Charles Monroe Schulz was born in Minneapolis on 26 November 1922 and spent his childhood in nearby Saint Paul. He created the comic strip Peanuts, with Charlie Brown and Snoopy.
Notes
The article gives Minneapolis as his birthplace; Wikidata names Saint Paul, where he grew up.
Henry Luce and Briton Hadden founded the company on 28 November 1922, after both men, then 23, quit their jobs to pursue the idea of a news magazine. Time's first issue appeared on 3 March 1923.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 28 November 1922, matching Wikidata. The source does not say where it was founded, only that the company is based in New York City.
Brazil beat Paraguay in the play-off deciding the 1922 South American Championship
Sport
Brazil beat Paraguay 3–0 at Estádio das Laranjeiras in Rio de Janeiro on 6 November 1922. Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay had finished level, but Uruguay withdrew from further play. The win gave Brazil its second continental title.
Notes
Infobox and lead agree on 6 November 1922; Wikidata gives only 1922.
A general strike in Guayaquil ends in a military crackdown
Politics & diplomacy
A three-day general work stoppage ran in Guayaquil from 13 to 15 November 1922. It began with trolley and utility workers, encouraged by a railway strike in nearby Durán, and on 15 November police and soldiers killed at least 300 strikers.
Notes
Wikidata gives 15 November, the day of the killings; the strike itself ran 13 to 15 November.
The Far Eastern Republic merges into Soviet Russia
Politics & diplomacy
The Far Eastern Republic, independent in name only, joined the RSFSR on 15 November 1922, three weeks after the Red Army took Vladivostok. Soviet Russia had largely controlled it as a buffer against Japanese-occupied territories since April 1920.
Notes
Lead gives the merger on 15 November 1922; the infobox end date is 15 November. The article names Chita as capital from October 1920.
· Ankara, Government of the Grand National Assembly (now Turkey) · Middle East
Turkey's Grand National Assembly abolishes the Ottoman sultanate
Politics & diplomacy
Turkey's Grand National Assembly voted on 1 November 1922 to abolish the monarchy, which ended the Ottoman Empire. Mehmed VI, the last sultan, sailed from Constantinople on HMS Malaya on 17 November.
Notes
The article concerns the sultanate; Wikidata labels the item the abolition of the caliphate, which the source dates to March 1924. Dates are given in Gregorian form. Place: held by the Ankara government (Government of the Grand National Assembly, in existence from 23 April 1920), not by the Istanbul government.
The partition of the Ottoman Empire, planned by the Allied Powers in wartime agreements such as Sykes–Picot, is dated from 30 October 1918 to 1 November 1922. Its territories and peoples were divided among several new states.
Notes
The lead gives the span as 30 October 1918 to 1 November 1922; the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) and French and British mandates came afterwards. Wikidata gives 1922-11-01.
Howard Carter's team finds the tomb of Tutankhamun
Exploration
On 4 November 1922 diggers working under Howard Carter, backed by Lord Carnarvon, uncovered a single step at the head of the entrance staircase to the tomb in the Valley of the Kings. Floods and debris had hidden it from robbers.
Carter's team finds the first step of Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings
Science
Howard Carter, financed by his patron the 5th Earl of Carnarvon, led the dig that uncovered Tutankhamun's tomb. A worker found the first step on 4 November 1922, and on 26 November the team reached a second sealed doorway. Over five thousand objects lay inside.
Notes
The article's discovery section says that on 4 November 1922 a worker found a rock-cut step, which proved to be the start of the entrance staircase; the excavators reached a further sealed doorway on 26 November. The lead's wording about the tomb being opened from 4 November refers to that start, not to anyone entering the tomb. Wikidata's time of discovery is 4 November 1922 (unreferenced).
· Beit Alfa, Mandatory Palestine (now Israel) · Middle East
Hashomer Hatzair settlers found the kibbutz Beit Alfa
Politics & diplomacy
Hashomer Hatzair settlers from Poland founded the kibbutz Beit Alfa on 4 November 1922, at the base of the Gilboa ridge in what is now northern Israel. They had helped establish the kibbutz Geva in 1921.
Notes
Infobox and history section give 4 November 1922, matching Wikidata.
Boutros Boutros-Ghali was born in Cairo on 14 November 1922. He served as the sixth UN Secretary-General from 1992 to 1996 and, as Egypt's acting foreign minister, helped negotiate the Camp David Accords.
Syndicalists found the International Workers' Association at a secret conference in Berlin
Politics & diplomacy
Delegates gathered secretly in Berlin in December 1922 and formally launched the anarcho-syndicalist International Workers' Association. Its formation marked a lasting break between international syndicalists and the Bolsheviks.
Notes
Infobox and body both say December 1922; no day is given. It was first called the International Workingmen's Association.
The Diocese of Copenhagen is created by splitting the Diocese of Zealand
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
In 1922 the Diocese of Zealand was divided in two and Copenhagen became its own diocese, with Harald Ostenfeld as its first bishop, serving from 1922 to 1934.
Notes
The day comes only from the infobox; the lead and Wikidata give just the year
Sven Nykvist was born in Moheda on 3 December 1922. He is best known for working with the director Ingmar Bergman, and won Academy Awards for Cries and Whispers and Fanny and Alexander.
Gérard Philipe was born in Cannes on 4 December 1922. His screen career spanned 32 films from 1944 until 1959, and he also became a noted stage actor with the Théâtre national populaire.
The UK Parliament enacts the Irish Free State constitution
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
The Irish Free State Constitution Act received royal assent on 5 December 1922. It put the Free State's constitution into UK law and formally ratified the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty.
Notes
The day comes from the infobox only; the lead and Wikidata give just 1922.
The Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921 led to the creation of the Irish Free State as a Dominion in December 1922. It took in 26 of Ireland's 32 counties, as Northern Ireland opted out, as the treaty allowed.
Notes
Lead and infobox give 6 December 1922 as the start.
Czechoslovakia creates the Order of the White Lion
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
In 1922 Czechoslovakia instituted the Order of the White Lion to honour foreign citizens. Its motto is Pravda vítězí, Truth Prevails, and the Czech Republic continues it as its highest order today.
Notes
The lead gives only 1922; the day comes from the infobox's unlabelled date field (7 December 1922, then 9 July 1994 for the Czech successor). Wikidata gives 1922.
Lucian Freud was born in Berlin on 8 December 1922 and named by his mother after the ancient writer Lucian of Samosata. He took British citizenship in 1939 and is ranked among the leading English portraitists of the twentieth century.
The office of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland is abolished
Politics & diplomacy
The office of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland came to an end on 8 December 1922, just two days after the Free State constitution began. Its remaining powers passed to a new Governor of Northern Ireland.
Notes
Infobox and the abolition section give 8 December 1922, matching Wikidata.
Poland holds two presidential elections, won by Narutowicz and then Wojciechowski
Politics & diplomacy
Gabriel Narutowicz won Poland's first indirect presidential election on 9 December 1922 and took the oath two days later. He was assassinated five days after that, and Stanisław Wojciechowski won the repeat vote on 22 December.
Notes
Date range runs from the first vote (9 December) to the second (22 December).
Gabriel Narutowicz is sworn in as Poland's first president
Politics & diplomacy
Gabriel Narutowicz took his oath of office as the first President of Poland on 11 December 1922. The National Assembly, Sejm and Senate together, had elected him under the 1921 March Constitution.
Notes
Wikidata gives 11 December 1922 for the post's start, matching the history section.
The Austro-Hungarian Bank's governing council meets for the last time
Economy & tradeSome details uncertain
The governing council of the Austro-Hungarian Bank met for the last time on 15 December 1922. The bank had been liquidated after the Habsburg collapse of late 1918, and its Vienna head office, Palais Ferstel, had been used from 1860.
Notes
This is the bank's last recorded meeting, not a formal dissolution date; English Wikipedia says it was liquidated after 1918. Wikidata gives only the year 1922.
Gabriel Narutowicz, Poland's first president, is assassinated
Lives
Gabriel Narutowicz, an engineer and non-partisan politician, became Poland's first president on 11 December 1922 and was assassinated in Warsaw five days later. He had earlier headed the public works ministry and briefly the foreign ministry.
Fascist squads attacked Turin's labour movement over three days, from 18 to 20 December 1922, after the killing of two fascists on the night of 17–18 December. At least 11 workers died, and possibly as many as 24.
Ground is broken for the Stadio Ennio Tardini in Parma
Architecture
Ground was broken and the first stone laid for the stadium on 26 December 1922. Club president Ennio Tardini had launched a national design competition in February, and the ground opened on 16 September 1923, having been planned as the Stadio Municipale.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the infobox and history section give the groundbreaking as 26 December 1922. The stadium opened in 1923.
· Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (now Russia) · Europe
The Soviet Union is founded
Politics & diplomacy
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was formed in Moscow on 30 December 1922, growing out of the October Revolution and the Bolshevik win in the Civil War. It was a federal union of national republics run by the Communist Party, and it lasted until 1991.
Notes
Infobox gives 30 December 1922 as start, event 'Treaty of Creation'.
· Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (now Russia) · Europe
The treaty creating the Soviet Union is approved and signed
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
A treaty and declaration formally created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in Moscow on 30 December 1922. Delegations from the Russian, Transcaucasian, Ukrainian and Byelorussian republics approved it, and the First All-Union Congress of Soviets confirmed it.
Notes
The lead gives 30 December 1922 for approval and signing; the infobox lists 29 December 1922 as signed and 30 December as effective. Russia had been on the Gregorian calendar since 1918.
The Declaration on the Creation of the USSR is adopted
Politics & diplomacy
On 30 December 1922 a Soviet-wide congress adopted the Declaration on the Creation of the USSR alongside the founding treaty. Delegations from four republics had endorsed the draft the day before.
Notes
The infobox lists the document as created 22 December 1922 and ratified 30 December 1922; the lead says the draft was endorsed on 29 December and adopted on 30 December.
The Midland Railway ends as an independent company
Economy & tradeSome details uncertain
The Midland Railway, headquartered in Derby, is dated as ending on 31 December 1922. Under the Railways Act 1921 the main-line railways were merged into four large companies, and from the start of 1923 the Midland became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.
Notes
The day comes only from the infobox; the lead and Wikidata give 1922 and 1923 for the Grouping. Derby is named as the company headquarters.
Construction of the Estadi de Sarrià begins in Barcelona
Architecture
Building work on the Estadi de Sarrià started on 31 December 1922 under architect Matías Colmenares, at a cost of 170,000 pesetas. Espanyol beat UE Sants 4–1 in the opener on 18 February 1923.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the history section gives construction starting 31 December 1922. The stadium opened on 18 February 1923.
The Barnes Foundation is chartered in Pennsylvania
Art & literature
Albert C. Barnes obtained a state charter on 4 December 1922, creating the foundation as an educational body to promote fine art appreciation and arboriculture. Barnes had grown rich co-developing Argyrol, an antiseptic silver compound.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the history section gives the charter date as 4 December 1922.
· Manhattan, New York City, United States · North America
Stan Lee is born
Lives
Stanley Martin Lieber, later known as Stan Lee, was born in Manhattan on 28 December 1922 to Romanian-born Jewish immigrant parents. He helped create Spider-Man, the X-Men, Iron Man and the Fantastic Four.
In December 1922 Hiratsuka announced that the New Women's Association was disbanding. Founded in 1919, it had campaigned for women's rights in education, employment and suffrage, and its lobbying helped end the ban on women attending public meetings.
Notes
Wikidata gives only 1922; the history section gives December 1922 for the disbandment.
General Tang Jiyao, the warlord ruling Yunnan, founded the university in Kunming on 8 December 1922. It started as a privately run school named the University of the Eastern Land, and students began enrolling on 20 April 1923.
Notes
Body gives 8 December 1922; the infobox and lead give December 1922.
· Uqair, Sultanate of Nejd (now Saudi Arabia) · Middle East
The Uqair Protocol sets borders in Arabia
Politics & diplomacy
Percy Cox, British High Commissioner to Iraq, drew the frontiers separating Kuwait, Nejd and Iraq at Uqair on 2 December 1922. It came after Ikhwan raiders from Nejd under Ibn Saud attacked Kuwait, and it created neutral zones with Iraq and Kuwait.
· Jerusalem, British Mandate for Palestine · Middle East
Eliezer Ben-Yehuda dies
Lives
Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, a Jewish linguist and journalist who moved to Jerusalem in 1881, died of tuberculosis at 64 on 16 December 1922. He compiled the first Hebrew dictionary and was the main driving force behind reviving the Hebrew language.
· White City Tennis Club, Sydney, Australia · Oceania
The 1922 Australasian Championships are played in Sydney
Sport
The 15th edition of what is now the Australian Open was played on grass at Sydney's White City club from 2 to 9 December 1922. Australians James Anderson and Margaret Molesworth won the singles titles.
Notes
Lead gives 2–9 December; the year 1922 is from the article title.
Events we can place in 1922 but not in a particular month.
Europe 83
· Volga region, Soviet Russia (now Russia) · Europe
The Russian famine of 1921-1922 ends
DisastersSome details uncertain
The famine, which began in spring 1921, hit the Volga and Ural River regions hardest and continued into 1922. Drought, war damage, civil war and grain requisitioning all contributed, and estimates of the dead reach about five million.
Notes
Source dates the famine 1921 to 1922 without a day for its end; Wikidata gives 1922. The English lead says an estimated five million died, while its infobox gives one to ten million and French Wikipedia gives between 3 and 5 million, so the toll is uncertain.
· Berlin, Tiflis, Constantinople and Rome · Europe
Operation Nemesis, the Armenian assassination campaign, ends
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
Operation Nemesis was an Armenian Revolutionary Federation plan to kill Ottoman perpetrators of the Armenian genocide. A secret cell killed seven people between 1920 and 1922; the best known victim was Talaat Pasha, in Berlin in March 1921.
Notes
Infobox and lead give the campaign as 1920 to 1922; the article's list of killings includes one in Berlin on 17 April 1922. Wikidata gives 1922 (year).
The Irish tricolour is adopted for the Irish Free State
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
The Executive Council took up the green, white and orange tricolour for the Irish Free State without opposition. Green stood for Catholics and orange for Protestants, with the white between them a hope for peace. Republicans who fought the new state resented its use.
Notes
Infobox gives adoption as 1922, with constitutional status in 1937; no day is given.
In 1922 Georgian Bolshevik leaders clashed with Stalin and Ordzhonikidze over Moscow's plan to merge Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan into the Transcaucasian SFSR. The dispute peaked in late 1922, and the Stalin–Ordzhonikidze line won.
Notes
Source gives 1922 as the year and says the dispute peaked late in the year.
Hesse's novel follows a man named Siddhartha on a spiritual journey of self-discovery in the time of the Buddha. It was his ninth novel, written in German, and it became influential in the 1960s after its American publication in 1951.
Notes
Infobox lists release 1922, 1951 (U.S.) and 1954 (UK); no day is given for 1922.
From 1922 to 1943 Italy's government was run by the National Fascist Party under Benito Mussolini, who served as prime minister and turned the country into a dictatorship.
Notes
The infobox gives a start date of 30 October 1922, while Wikidata gives 29 October 1922; because they differ, year precision is used.
Drought and the effects of the Civil War caused mass starvation in the Tatar republic as part of the wider Russian famine of 1921–22. Some villages had lost half of their people by March 1922. The American Relief Administration brought aid to starving Tatars.
Notes
English Wikipedia dates the worst phase to 1921-1922 and says it ended in 1922, without a day. Death estimates vary widely between sources.
The Grand Council of Fascism began in 1922 as a governing body of the National Fascist Party and usually met at the Palazzo Venezia in Rome. In 1928 it was turned into a state institution.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922-12-15; the source supports 1922 only.
The Black and Tans are disbanded along with the Royal Irish Constabulary
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
The Black and Tans, reinforcement constables enlisted for the Royal Irish Constabulary in Britain from January 1920, were disbanded in 1922 along with the rest of the RIC. Most were unemployed former British soldiers.
Notes
The source gives only the year of disbandment; Wikidata also gives 1922.
Count Orlok first appears in the silent film Nosferatu
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
Count Orlok first appeared in F. W. Murnau's silent film Nosferatu in 1922, played by the German actor Max Schreck. The vampire is modelled on Bram Stoker's Dracula.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922; English Wikipedia gives no release day for the film.
The first stone is laid for the Grand Mosque of Paris
ArchitectureSome details uncertain
Construction of the Grand Mosque of Paris began with a first stone in 1922, and the mosque was completed in 1926. Maurice Tranchant de Lunel was the architect, working in Moorish Revival style in the 5th arrondissement.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922-10-19, but the source supports only the year 1922 (infobox groundbreaking: 1922).
In 1922, inspired by the dancing bears of street festivals, Hans Riegel Sr. invented the Dancing Bear fruit-gum treat in Germany. It was much larger than its successor, the Gold-Bear, and is the forerunner of the gummy bear.
Notes
The source dates the Dancing Bear, the larger forerunner of the later Gold-Bear gummy bear, to 1922; the creator is named in the infobox as Hans Riegel Sr.
Edgar de Wahl announces Occidental in the first issue of Kosmoglott
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
In 1922, in the first issue of a magazine printed in Tallinn, Edgar de Wahl announced the language Occidental, later renamed Interlingue. It grew from his experiments with Auli between 1906 and 1921.
Notes
Infobox and body give 1922 with no day. The announcement was in the first issue of the magazine Kosmoglott, which launched with the language.
The first issue of a magazine printed in Tallinn carried Edgar de Wahl's 1922 announcement of the international language Occidental. He had experimented with it since 1906, and it was renamed Interlingue in 1949.
Jakob Bosshart receives the first Gottfried-Keller-Preis
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
The Swiss author Jakob Bosshart is the first name on the laureate list of the Gottfried-Keller-Preis, awarded in 1922. Martin Bodmer created the prize to honour Gottfried Keller, and it is among the oldest literary awards in Switzerland.
Notes
The laureates table lists 1922 Jakob Bosshart as the earliest entry. German Wikipedia places the prize's first award in 1922 (category Erstverleihung 1922) and French Wikipedia says it was set up in 1922. Wikidata gives 1922.
Ernst Heinkel sets up his aircraft firm at Warnemünde
Economy & trade
Ernst Heinkel, who had been chief designer at Hansa-Brandenburg during the First World War, set up his own firm at Warnemünde in 1922, after Versailles Treaty limits on German aviation were loosened.
Notes
Infobox, lead and history section give only the year 1922.
Soviet Russia's first Pioneer group, a children's organisation run by the communist party, was created in 1922. Scoutmasters sympathetic to the Komsomol proposed the name Pioneer and persuaded it to adopt Scout symbols.
Notes
Wikidata gives 19 May 1922, which the source does not support; only the year 1922 is given.
Deruluft begins flying between Königsberg and Moscow
TechnologySome details uncertain
The Russian-German venture Deruluft began flying in 1922, on a route from Königsberg's Devau airport to Moscow. It is described as the first scheduled international route.
Notes
English Wikipedia ties 1922 to Deruluft's flights from Devau airport, not to the opening of Khrabrovo Airport itself.
The first edition of Italy's annual domestic football cup took place in 1922, and Vado won it. The competition's early years were turbulent because the championship was split into two groups.
Notes
Wikidata and the infobox give 1922 (founded); no day is given. The article says Vado won the first edition, played in 1922.
The censorship agency Glavlit was set up in 1922 under the Education Commissariat of the Russian republic. Before it existed, censorship had been a duty of a Vecheka department.
Notes
Lead and chronology of names give 1922; the first head's start date is 6 June 1922, but no exact founding day is given.
Kafka's story A Hunger Artist first appeared in the periodical Die neue Rundschau in 1922. It became the title story of the last book Kafka prepared for publication.
Gran Paradiso National Park, in the Graian Alps across the Aosta Valley and Piedmont, was established in 1922. In 1920 King Victor Emmanuel III had given the land, a royal hunting ground, to be protected.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922-12-03; the source says only 1922.
In 1922 a Gravettian-period Venus statuette was found in the Rideaux cave at Lespugue, in the foothills of the Pyrenees. Its age is put at roughly 24,000 to 26,000 years.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922-08-09; the source supports 1922 only.
Simeó Rabasa sets up the workshop that became Derbi
Economy & trade
Simeó Rabasa i Singla set up a small bicycle workshop in Mollet, near Barcelona, in 1922. It became Derbi, a Spanish maker of motorcycles, scooters, mopeds and all-terrain vehicles, later part of the Piaggio Group.
European railways agree the International Coach Regulations
Economy & trade
In 1922 European railways agreed the Regolamento Internazionale delle Carrozze (RIC), shared rules for passenger coaches crossing different national rail networks. Swiss Federal Railways looked after the rules until 1982, and the International Union of Railways has handled them since.
Notes
Source says the regulations were first agreed in 1922; no day is given.
The German government banned the militant group Organisation Consul in 1922, acting under a new law for protecting the Republic that was enacted on 21 July 1922. Its members were behind the murders of Matthias Erzberger and Walther Rathenau.
Notes
The infobox gives dissolved 21 July 1922, but the body and German Wikipedia only say the ban rested on the law enacted that day, so the ban date itself is not confirmed; stored at year precision.
Rafael Sabatini's Captain Blood: His Odyssey is published as a book
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
Sabatini's pirate stories ran in Premier Magazine in 1920 and 1921. He joined them into a single narrative, issued in 1922 as Captain Blood: His Odyssey.
Notes
Infobox and body give 1922 with no day; the infobox lists the country as England and the publisher as Houghton Mifflin.
Hércules, a football team in Alicante, was officially registered in September 1922 together with Mercantil de Cartagena and other bodies. Records show the club existing from 1914, and Vicente Pastor Alfosea is named as its founder.
Notes
The lead and infobox give founded 25 October 1922, but the history section gives official registration on 26 September 1922 and documentation from 1914; Wikidata gives only 1922. Year precision used.
The International Geographical Union is founded in Brussels
Science
A permanent international geographical organisation was established in Brussels in 1922. It grew out of the International Geographical Congresses, the first of which was held in Antwerp in 1871, and Prince Roland Bonaparte was its first president.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922 (year); the infobox gives no day. The article's list of presidents begins with Prince Roland Bonaparte (1922-24).
Alfred Hitchcock gets his first directing job on the unfinished film Number 13
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
In 1922 Hitchcock got his first directing chance at Gainsborough Pictures, on a film called Number 13. It was dropped after only a handful of scenes because its budget collapsed, and all fragments of it are now lost.
Notes
The film was never completed or released, so 1922 marks the abandoned production, not a release. No day is given.
The All England Club moves to Church Road and opens its Centre Court
ArchitectureSome details uncertain
The All England Club moved to its present Church Road site in Wimbledon in 1922, keeping the Centre Court name. The original 1922 roof, partly covering the stands, has been altered several times.
Toulouse-Lautrec's mother donates a major collection to the museum in Albi
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
In 1922 the museum in Albi was given a major group of Toulouse-Lautrec's works by the painter's mother. The museum occupies a 13th-century former bishop's palace beside Albi Cathedral.
Notes
English Wikipedia dates the donation of Toulouse-Lautrec's works, not the museum's opening, to 1922.
The new National Museum Cardiff building opens to the public
ArchitectureSome details uncertain
The building in Cathays Park's civic complex, begun in 1912, was delayed by the First World War, and the public could enter only from 1922. A formal opening followed in 1927.
Notes
The history section gives public opening in 1922 and the official opening in 1927; the infobox's 1912 is the establishment year. Year precision used.
A Paris conference founds the international Scout organisation
Politics & diplomacy
A 1922 conference in Paris set up the Scout movement's international conference and committee, taking over the London bureau. Exiled Russian Scouts were recognised by its conference on 30 August 1922.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922; no day is given for the founding conference.
Lutheran ministers influenced by Anthroposophy set up The Christian Community in Germany in 1922, having asked Rudolf Steiner for a form of worship matching his view of Christ. It claims about 35,000 members in some 200 congregations.
Notes
The 16 September 1922 date comes from a photo caption of the founders and is not stated as the founding day, so the date is stored at year level.
Hibernians football club first plays as Constitutionals FC
SportSome details uncertain
The Maltese club now called Hibernians played a single season in 1922 under the name Constitutionals FC, the side of the pro-British Constitutional Party. Hibernians are based in Paola.
Notes
The infobox gives founded 1922; the history section mentions only a single 1922 season under the name Constitutionals FC, so the exact founding and any later renaming are unclear. Year precision used.
Workers find the Dagenham idol during sewer excavations
Science
In 1922 workers digging for sewer pipes found a pine statue, 46 cm tall, in marshland beside the Thames at Dagenham. Carbon dating puts the figure at around 2250 BC, in the late Neolithic or early Bronze Age.
Janusz Korczak's children's novel King Matt the First is published
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
A 1922 Warsaw edition of Janusz Korczak's novel is listed in its publication history. The book describes a young king's adventures and his many social reforms for children.
Notes
The article contradicts itself: the lead and infobox say published 1923, while the publication-history list gives a 1922 Warsaw edition. Treat the year as uncertain.
The International Society for Contemporary Music is founded in Salzburg
Stage, music & film
The society was set up in Salzburg in 1922 as the Internationale Gesellschaft für Neue Musik. It grew out of a modern chamber-music festival held within the Salzburg Festival, and its founders were the composer Egon Wellesz and Edward J Dent, an academic at Cambridge.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922 with no day. The infobox origin says 'Salzburg, Germany', but Salzburg is in Austria, as the article's list of festival locations also shows.
The Coronation Cathedral at Alba Iulia is completed
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
The cathedral in Alba Iulia was built from 1921 to 1922 to commemorate the union of Transylvania with Romania. It was finished in time for the coronation of Ferdinand and Marie as rulers of Greater Romania on 15 October 1922.
Notes
English Wikipedia gives 15 October 1922 only as the coronation the building was readied for, not as its opening date, so the date is stored at year level.
SNICOP, the French record industry body later called SNEP, is founded
Economy & tradeSome details uncertain
The French record industry's trade body was established in 1922, first under the name SNICOP. It now certifies record sales and compiles France's weekly official charts from its base in Neuilly-sur-Seine.
Notes
Infobox and lead give only 1922; Wikidata gives 5 May 1922, which the source does not support. The source does not say where it was founded.
In the first FAI Cup, in the 1921–22 season, St James's Gate beat Shamrock Rovers in the final, after a 1–1 draw and then a 1–0 replay, both at Dalymount Park. The competition carried the name Free State Cup from 1923 to 1936.
Notes
The infobox gives the founding as 1921–22 and the history text is cut off at 'Patrick's Day 1922', so no exact day is supported; the Wikidata year is 1922.
Gustaf Dalén, a Swedish physicist and Nobel prize winner who was chief engineer of the Swedish AGA company, invented the Aga range cooker in 1922. It was first designed to burn coal or anthracite.
Notes
Infobox inception and history section both give 1922; no day is given.
Les Kurbas founded the Berezil Theatre in Kyiv in 1922. The company later moved to Kharkiv, and in 1935 what remained of the suppressed Berezil became today's Kharkiv drama theatre.
Notes
The English article on Les Kurbas says he founded the Berezil in Kyiv in 1922, and that it moved to Kharkiv in 1926; Ukrainian Wikipedia's Berezil article also says it was founded in 1922 in Kyiv and moved to Kharkiv in 1926. The Kharkiv theatre article's infobox lists opened as '1922 / 1935': 1922 is the Berezil company and 1935 the present theatre, and that article does not say where the company was founded. Ukrainian Wikipedia gives 31 March 1922 as the traditional founding date; the date is stored at year level.
Les Kurbas founds the Berezil theatre troupe in Kyiv
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
Les Kurbas founded the avant-garde Berezil troupe, described as Soviet Ukraine's biggest state-funded theatre. It started in Kyiv, moved to Kharkiv in 1926 and ran until 1933.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922 with no day; the infobox address is the later Kharkiv building.
Stefan Banach first stated the theorem that now bears his name in 1922. It guarantees that certain self-maps of metric spaces have exactly one fixed point and also gives a constructive way to find it.
An old administrative building at Falun becomes the Mining Museum
Art & literature
In 1922 the 1770s administrative building at Falun, Sweden, became the Mining Museum. Mining at Falun had run for about a thousand years, ending in 1992.
Notes
The 1922 item is the museum, not the mine itself, which operated from the 10th century to 1992.
The Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia (AKhRR) is founded
Art & literature
The artists' association was founded in 1922 and disbanded about ten years later. Its first public statement as a group was a 1922 Moscow exhibition, with proceeds going to relief of the 1921 famine.
· Zagreb, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (now Croatia) · Europe
The handball club RK Zagreb is founded
Sport
RK Zagreb, founded in 1922, is a professional men's handball club in Zagreb, Croatia. Its men play in the Croatian Premier League and in Europe's EHF Champions League.
Notes
Only the infobox gives 1922, matching Wikidata; no day is given.
The first stands and clubhouse at Bislett Stadium are completed
ArchitectureSome details uncertain
The first stands at Bislett Stadium in Oslo, begun in 1917, were finished in 1922 together with a new clubhouse. Martinus Lørdahl was instrumental in getting them built.
Notes
Infobox gives opened 1922 and the history gives the 1922 completion; no day is given.
The international powerboating body is founded in Belgium
Sport
The Union Internationale du Yachting Automobile was founded in Belgium in 1922, with Alfred Pierrard of Belgium as president until 1944. It is now powerboating's international governing body, based in Monaco, under the name Union Internationale Motonautique.
The 1922 European Rowing Championships are held in Barcelona
SportSome details uncertain
The 1922 European Rowing Championships took place in the Port of Barcelona. Only men competed, in five boat classes, the same number as at the 1920 Antwerp Olympics.
Notes
The source gives no dates beyond the year; Wikidata lists 1 January 1922 as a placeholder start and end.
Physicists found IUPAP, the international physics union
Science
At a general assembly in Brussels in 1922, physicists decided that a Physics Union was needed, and it began with 13 member countries. Its first General Assembly met in Paris in 1923.
Notes
Infobox and lead give only 1922; the body places the deciding assembly in Brussels in 1922.
The Leoforos Alexandras football stadium is inaugurated in Athens
ArchitectureSome details uncertain
Inaugurated in 1922, this Athens stadium is Greece's oldest football ground still in use. It lies in Ampelokipoi, just east of Lycabettus Hill, and belongs to Panathinaikos AC.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922. The infobox also holds a second 'opened: 1960' entry, apparently for another part of the site, so confidence is medium.
· Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (now Russia) · Europe
The Russian SFSR becomes a constituent republic of the new Soviet Union
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
The Russian SFSR, a separate state from 1917 to 1922, became the largest constituent republic of the Soviet Union, which it remained until 1991. Moscow was the capital of both the republic and the union.
Notes
Wikidata and the infobox give 30 December 1922, the day English Wikipedia's text links to the treaty creating the Soviet Union; the date is stored at year level. The state did not end; it joined the USSR.
The ice hockey section of Djurgårdens IF is founded
Sport
IK Göta player Wilhelm Arwe helped set up the hockey section of Djurgårdens IF in Stockholm in 1922, a year after ice hockey was introduced in Sweden. The section was dissolved for four years in the 1930s.
Notes
Infobox, lead and history give 1922; Wikidata's alternative date 1990-12-03 is not supported by the source.
The Museum of Hamburg History moves into its main building at Holstenwall
Art & literature
The museum, set up in 1908, moved into its present home in 1922. Fritz Schumacher designed the main building at Holstenwall, which was built from 1914 to 1922.
Notes
Lead gives the 1922 opening at the current site; the infobox's 1908 is the establishment year.
Åland's regional anthem Ålänningens sång is first performed
Stage, music & film
John Grandell wrote the lyrics in 1922 while visiting Skansen in Stockholm, and Johan Fridolf Hagfors composed the music. The song was first performed at the 1922 song festival in Mariehamn and became Åland's official regional anthem.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922 for adoption and first performance; no day is given.
Italy entered the Davis Cup tennis competition for the first time in 1922. The team had its first captain only in 1928, Baron Uberto De Morpurgo, and first won the Davis Cup in 1976.
The football stadium in Brest opened in 1922 and was once called the Stade de l'Armoricaine. It now holds 15,220 spectators and is home to Stade Brestois 29.
Notes
Only the infobox and Wikidata give 1922; the article text says nothing more about the opening.
Princess Beatrice opens the Lady Lever Art Gallery
Art & literature
Princess Beatrice, Queen Victoria's youngest daughter, opened the Lady Lever Art Gallery at Port Sunlight in 1922. The industrialist William Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme, had founded and built it.
The German truck and bus maker Büssing became the joint-stock company Büssing AG in 1922, after Heinrich Büssing had been obliged to take on a limited partnership structure following the First World War. In 1923 it introduced a rigid three-axle chassis.
Notes
The company itself was founded in 1903 (infobox); 1922 is the change to a joint-stock company. No day is given.
Renton finally folded in 1922, a year later than some sources claim. It had signed up for the 1922–23 Scottish Qualifying Cup, then withdrew in favour of Hamilton Garrison.
Notes
The article itself says the closure was 1922 and not 1921 as sometimes stated. No day is given.
· Split, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (now Croatia) · Europe
Brodosplit is formed by merging shipyards in Split
Economy & trade
Brodosplit was formed in 1922 by merging shipyards in the Split area. It has stood at its present site since 1932 and is the largest shipyard in Croatia.
The IET Faraday Medal for electrical engineering is established
Science
The Faraday Medal was set up and first awarded in 1922, marking half a century since the Society of Telegraph Engineers first met in ordinary session. It is named after Michael Faraday.
The basketball section of Aris Thessaloniki is founded
SportSome details uncertain
The basketball branch of Aris Thessaloniki dates its founding to 1922. The multi-sport parent club, Aris AC, is eight years older.
Notes
The article contradicts itself: the lead and the 'founded' infobox field say 1914 (the parent club), while the history section and infobox history line say 1922.
The Lutheran Christuskirche in Rome was built between 1910 and 1922 in Romanesque Revival style. Its architect was Franz Schwechten, who also designed Berlin's Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gedächtniskirche.
Notes
Infobox and lead give completion in 1922; no day is given.
Martinsyde made aircraft and motorcycles from 1908 until 1922, when a factory fire forced the firm into liquidation. That year it produced a 738 cc sports V-twin called the Quick Six.
The first Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia cycling race is held
Sport
The first edition of the road race took place in 1922 in Ordizia, in the Basque Country. It is held in late July and has been a UCI Europe Tour race since 2005.
The Finnish ice hockey club HC TPS is founded as Turun Palloseura
Sport
HC TPS takes its initials from Turun Palloseura, the name it was given at its start in 1922. It plays in Turku at the Gatorade Center and has been SM-liiga champion ten times.
The Norwegian sports club IF Frisk Asker is founded
SportSome details uncertain
IF Frisk Asker was founded in Asker, Norway, in 1922. Its ice hockey division was started in 1935, and the hockey team plays in Norway's top league from Varner Arena.
Notes
Only the parent club dates from 1922; the infobox gives the hockey team as founded in 1935.
· Alberta and Northwest Territories, Canada · North America
Wood Buffalo National Park is created in Canada
Everyday lifeSome details uncertain
Canada set up Wood Buffalo National Park in 1922 to safeguard the biggest free-roaming herd of wood bison, using Crown land obtained through Treaty 8. It spans part of northeastern Alberta and the southern Northwest Territories.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922-12-18; the source says only 1922.
The first Newbery Medal for children's literature, given in 1922 for books from 1921, went to Hendrik Willem van Loon's The Story of Mankind. The American Library Association's conference had established the award on 22 June 1921.
Notes
The medal was established on 22 June 1921; the infobox year and history section date the first award to 1922. Year precision used.
Sinclair Lewis's novel Babbitt, published by Harcourt, Brace in 1922, satirises American middle-class conformity. The controversy it caused helped lead to Lewis's 1930 Nobel Prize in Literature.
· Greenwich Village, New York City, United States · North America
Jack Kriendler and Charlie Berns open the first version of the 21 Club
Economy & trade
Cousins Jack Kriendler and Charlie Berns opened the first version of the club in Greenwich Village in 1922, as a Prohibition-era speakeasy. It later moved to 21 West 52nd Street in Manhattan.
Notes
Infobox and body give 1922; no day is given. The first location was in Greenwich Village, not the later 52nd Street address.
Anna Rice Cooke founded the museum, then the Honolulu Academy of Arts, in 1922, when the Territory of Hawaii granted it a charter. Its official opening followed on 8 April 1927.
Notes
Infobox, lead and history give 1922 for the founding and charter; the official opening came on 8 April 1927.
The Ring launched in 1922 covering both boxing and wrestling, and it began awarding championship belts that year. It later became boxing-only, and annual boxer ratings started in 1924.
Notes
Infobox and lead give only 1922. The infobox names the present headquarters as Dubai.
Federal Reserve banks set up a committee to coordinate open-market dealings
Economy & tradeSome details uncertain
In 1922 the Federal Reserve banks set up an informal committee to carry out their open-market purchases and sales jointly. Before then the individual reserve banks sometimes competed against each other when trading.
Notes
Only the informal 1922 predecessor is dated 1922. The infobox gives the formal FOMC as formed 16 June 1933. No day is given for 1922.
The Mexican brewer Cervecería Modelo dates from 1922. It was renamed Grupo Modelo in 1991 and now belongs to Anheuser-Busch InBev, exporting Corona, Modelo and Pacífico.
Notes
Wikidata gives 8 March 1922 as the day; English Wikipedia gives only the year.
The American Chemical Society establishes the Priestley Medal
ScienceSome details uncertain
The American Chemical Society established the Priestley Medal in 1922, and it is the society's highest honour. Presentations began in 1923, every three years at first and annually from 1944, with Ira Remsen as the 1923 recipient.
Notes
The lead says established in 1922, while the infobox date and first presentation are 1923; Wikidata gives 1922.
The Greek Orthodox archdiocese in America is placed under Constantinople
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
In 1922 Patriarch Meletius IV moved the Greek Orthodox archdiocese in America back under the Church of Constantinople, and New York State officially recognised it that year. Alexander (Demoglou) served as archbishop from 1922 to 1930.
Notes
English Wikipedia gives no day for either 1922 step; the incorporation itself dates from 1921.
The Toronto Symphony Orchestra begins as the New Symphony Orchestra
Stage, music & filmSome details uncertain
The orchestra began in 1922 as the New Symphony Orchestra, with Luigi von Kunits as its music director until 1931. Its opening concert came in April 1923 at Massey Hall, with 58 players.
Notes
The article conflicts: the lead and infobox say founded 1906 (an earlier orchestra that disbanded between 1918 and 1922), while the history section says 1922. The date stored is the 1922 start.
· Detroit, Michigan, United States · North America
Cadillac Place, originally the General Motors Building, is completed
Architecture
Construction of the Detroit building began on 2 June 1919 and finished in 1922. It was first meant to carry Durant's name before becoming the General Motors Building, and General Motors used it as its world headquarters from 1923 until 2001.
Notes
Infobox and body give completion in 1922; no day is given.
The Patagonia Rebelde workers' uprising is crushed
War & conflictSome details uncertain
A rural workers' uprising in Santa Cruz province, Argentina, was crushed by the army's 10th Cavalry Regiment under Colonel Héctor Benigno Varela on President Yrigoyen's orders. Many workers were shot after surrendering.
Notes
The source dates the events to 1920–1922; death estimates in the source vary widely, so no figure is used. Wikidata gives 1922.
The 1922 British Everest expedition uses bottled oxygen
Exploration
The expedition set out expressly to make the first ascent of Everest, assembling at Darjeeling in late March 1922 and approaching from the north, out of Tibet. It was the first to climb Everest with bottled oxygen. Three summit attempts failed.
Notes
Wikidata gives March to August 1922 (month precision); English Wikipedia places the team at Darjeeling in late March 1922. Year precision is stored.
Under a new city system introduced in 1922, the ward called Sapporo-ku officially became Sapporo City. The settlement had begun as an administrative centre when the Hokkaido Development Commission set up its headquarters there in 1869.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922-08-01, and also lists 1899-10-01; the source supports 1922 (infobox 'granted city status').
Sun Yat-sen's Constitutional Protection Movement ends
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
Between 1917 and 1922 Sun Yat-sen led a series of movements against the Beiyang government to defend China's Provisional Constitution, and he set up a rival government in Guangzhou. In summer 1922 he established a division headquarters at Shaoguan to launch an expedition.
Notes
The article treats the movement as running 1917 to 1922; the second movement is 1921 to 1922 and a third attempt began in 1923. Wikidata gives 1922.
· Kirghiz ASSR and Turkestan ASSR (present-day Kazakhstan) · Asia
The worst of the Kazakh famine ends
DisastersSome details uncertain
Drought and the Russian Civil War brought mass starvation to the Kirghiz and Turkestan Soviet republics, as part of the wider Russian famine of 1921–22. The American Relief Administration fed starving Kazakhs from 1920 to 1923. The worst phase ended in 1922.
Notes
Death estimates in the source differ (lead and infobox give different ranges), so no figure is used. Wikidata gives 1922.
The National Museum of Afghanistan is founded in Kabul
Art & literatureSome details uncertain
The collection that became the National Museum of Afghanistan began in Kabul's Bagh-e Bala Palace and was moved in 1922, starting out as a 'Cabinet of Curiosities'. Its holdings span several millennia of Persian, Buddhist and Islamic dynasties.
Notes
Infobox gives established 1922; Wikidata gives 1922.
· Yogyakarta, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) · Asia
Ki Hadjar Dewantara founds the Taman Siswa school movement
Everyday lifeSome details uncertain
Ki Hadjar Dewantara founded the Javanese educational movement Taman Siswa in 1922, beginning with a kindergarten called Taman Idria. Over time it added schools at higher levels and opened a university in 1959.
Notes
The English article gives only 1922. Wikidata (unreferenced) and Indonesian Wikipedia's article on the Taman Siswa schools both give 3 July 1922 in Yogyakarta, so the day has a second source; the date is stored at year level because the English article gives no day.
The Japanese army issued the Type 11 light machine gun, designed by Kijirō Nambu, to troops in 1922. About 29,000 were made before production ended in 1941.
Notes
Infobox gives design date 1922 and production 1922–1941; no day is given.
India's Income-tax Act of 1922 shifts the tax to the central government
Economy & tradeSome details uncertain
The Income-tax Act of 1922 marked a break from the 1918 act by moving the running of income tax from provincial governments to the centre. It was amended at least twenty-nine times between 1939 and 1956.
Notes
English Wikipedia gives no day for the Act. The department itself is listed as formed in 1860; Wikidata's 1922 'start' matches only the Act.
Abdülmecid II is elected caliph by Turkey's Grand National Assembly
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
After the Ottoman sultanate was abolished in 1922, Turkey's Grand National Assembly chose Abdülmecid II, a member of the Ottoman dynasty, as caliph in place of Mehmed VI. He kept the title until 3 March 1924, when the office was abolished, and was the last Ottoman caliph.
Notes
The Ottoman Empire article gives his caliphate as 1922-1924 and says the Grand National Assembly elected him, without a day. German Wikipedia's article on him gives 19 November 1922 (Wikidata 1922-11-19); Turkish civil dates then used Gregorian day numbering. The year is stored, the precision the English article supports.
The Ikhwan begin raiding the Emirate of Transjordan
War & conflictSome details uncertain
Irregular Najdi tribesmen, the Ikhwan, struck the Emirate of Transjordan repeatedly from 1922 to 1924, reaching its undemarcated borders in summer 1922. Britain stationed troops and a few aircraft at Marka, near Amman.
Notes
The source gives the span 1922–1924 and says the Ikhwan reached Transjordan's undemarcated borders in summer 1922. Wikidata gives the start as 1922 and the end as 1924, both at year precision, so there is no conflict with the stored years.
Reza Khan's forces put down Simko Shikak's Kurdish revolt
War & conflictSome details uncertain
The Kurdish chieftain Simko Shikak led an Ottoman-backed tribal uprising against Qajar Iran from 1918, and defeated an Iranian army at Tasuj in March 1921. Reza Khan's forces put the revolt down in 1922.
Notes
The infobox gives the revolt's span as 1918–1922 and its suppression in 1922; no day is given.
Howard Carter's team finds the first of Tutankhamun's two trumpets
ExplorationSome details uncertain
During the excavation of Tutankhamun's tomb that began in 1922, Howard Carter's team found a bronze or copper trumpet in a chest in the antechamber. The sterling-silver trumpet turned up later in the burial chamber. The pair is regarded as the oldest operational trumpets in the world.
Notes
The article and French Wikipedia say the trumpets were found in 1922 by Carter, with the bronze or copper one in a chest in the antechamber and the silver one found afterwards in the burial chamber. The discovery article says the burial chamber was formally opened on 16 February 1923, and the first season's work ran into early 1923, so the silver trumpet cannot be tied to 1922; no source opened gives a find date for either trumpet. The year-level 1922 is kept for the start of the dig. Wikidata gives 1922.
Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi establishes the Qom Seminary
Religion & philosophy
Grand Ayatollah Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi established the Qom Seminary in 1922. It trains Usuli scholars and is Iran's largest Shia seminary, teaching Arabic grammar, rhetoric, Quranic studies and theology.
Notes
Infobox and lead both give 1922 with no day. The city's scholarly tradition is much older.
· French Mandate of Syria (now Syria) · Middle East
France creates the Syrian Federation under its mandate
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
In 1922 France set up the Syrian Federation within its mandate over Syria and Lebanon, with Subhi Barakat as president. The federation did not last, and a State of Syria took its place in 1925.
Notes
Wikidata gives 29 June 1922, but the source supports only the year 1922.
Leonard Woolley directed excavations at Ur in Iraq that began in 1922 and ran until 1934, for the British Museum together with a university museum in Philadelphia. The dig started with trial trenches that revealed the layout of the ancient city.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922 (year). The site had also been excavated in 1853–1854 per the infobox.
· French Mandate of Syria (now Syria) · Middle East
The Alawite Territory joins the Syrian Federation as the Alawite State
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
The French mandate territory on Syria's coast, first called the Territory of the Alawites, was folded into the Syrian Federation in 1922 and renamed the Alawite State. Léon Cayla governed it from 1922 to 1925.
Notes
The Alawite State article gives the year 1922 for the integration but no day. The English article on the Syrian Federation, which included the Alawite territory, says the federation was constituted on 28 June 1922 under Decree 1459, matching Wikidata's date; the date is stored at year level because the Alawite State article gives no day.
Religious Zionists form Hapoel HaMizrachi in Jerusalem
Politics & diplomacy
Religious Zionists formed Hapoel HaMizrachi in Jerusalem in 1922, with the slogan 'Torah va'Avodah', Torah and Labor. It backed religious kibbutzim and moshavim run according to Halakha.
· İznik, Greek-occupied Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) · Middle East
Greek troops damage the Green Mosque in İznik
War & conflictSome details uncertain
During the Turkish War of Independence in 1922, Greek army troops damaged the Green Mosque in İznik, an Ottoman-era place of worship. Its construction had run from 1378 to 1391 under the architect Hacı Musa.
Notes
Wikidata gives 1922 (year). Damage date given only as the year 1922. Place: English Wikipedia's İznik article says the Greek army occupied İznik from July 1920 (it also gives 28 November 1920 for the Turkish return, which does not fit damage in 1922); Turkish Wikipedia says the mosque was damaged during the Greek occupation.
The League of Nations approves Britain's mandate for Palestine
Politics & diplomacySome details uncertain
In 1922 Britain obtained a League of Nations mandate for Palestine, a territory it had run through a British High Commissioner since 1920. Palestine was classed as an A mandate, the category judged most capable of self-rule.
Notes
The Mandatory Palestine article says Britain obtained the mandate in 1922 and gives no month. The separate article on the Mandate for Palestine shows the League Council approving it in July 1922 (22 July in its infobox, 24 July in its drafting table) and entry into force on 29 September 1923. Wikidata gives 1922-09. The year is used.
Makerere began as a technical school in 1922, when a trade school teaching carpentry, building and mechanics that opened in 1921 became Uganda Technical College. It is now Uganda's biggest and oldest centre of higher learning.
Notes
Infobox and lead give 1922; the body says teaching began in 1921 and the Uganda Technical College was founded in 1922.
The Selous Game Reserve is established in Tanganyika, now Tanzania
Everyday lifeSome details uncertain
The Selous Game Reserve was established in southern Tanganyika, now part of Tanzania in 1922. Its wildlife includes bush elephants, black rhinoceros, lions and Nile crocodiles, and nobody may live inside it.
Cyril Callister developed the yeast spread Vegemite in Melbourne in 1922 for the Fred Walker Company. It first went on sale in shops on 25 October 1923.
Notes
The source dates the development to 1922 and the first retail sale to 1923; the infobox lists introduced 1923. Wikidata gives 1922.
The Cradle Mountain area is declared a scenic reserve
Science
The Cradle Mountain area in the Central Highlands of Tasmania was declared a scenic reserve in 1922. It became a wildlife reserve in 1927, and national park status followed in 1947.
Notes
Infobox gives established 1922 and the history section gives the scenic reserve declaration in 1922; no day is given.
The Communist International founded International Red Aid (MOPR) in 1922, after a directive from its 4th World Congress, as an 'international political Red Cross'. Julian Marchlewski chaired its Central Committee.
Notes
Infobox, lead and history give only the year 1922; the source does not say where it was founded.
Rabbi Yisroel Ber Odesser says he received a note from Rebbe Nachman
Religion & philosophySome details uncertain
In 1922 the Breslover Hasid Rabbi Yisroel Ber Odesser said he had been handed a note from Rebbe Nachman, who died in 1810. Odesser took its seventh line as a personal meditation and song, the source of Na Nach Nachma Nachman Meuman.
Notes
This is a claim made by Odesser; the source gives only the year 1922 and does not say where it happened.
J. B. S. Haldane, a British evolutionary biologist, put forward a rule in 1922 about hybrids of two species. When only one sex of a hybrid is sterile or cannot survive, it tends to be the sex with two different sex chromosomes, the male in mammals.
Notes
The source names no place for the formulation; region 'Global' is a placeholder.
Frederick Brackett first observes the hydrogen Brackett series
Science
American physicist Frederick Sumner Brackett first observed the spectral lines of the series now bearing his name in 1922. They belong to hydrogen's emission series, produced by electrons moving between energy levels.
Notes
The source names no place. Region 'Global' is a placeholder.
Donald Howard Menzel discovered Mz 3, a young bipolar planetary nebula in the constellation Norma, in 1922. It has a bright core and four distinct fast outflows, and its shape has earned it the name Ant Nebula.
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